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Science year 8-9 > Digestion > Flashcards

Digestion Flashcards

1
Q

What is digestion?

A

Process of breaking food down into nutrients.

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2
Q

How does food pass through the esophagus? (Gullet)

A

Using Peristalsis

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3
Q

Which acid is found in the stomach?

A

Hydrochloric acid

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4
Q

What is the ribcage needed for?

A

To protect the lungs.

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5
Q

How do nutrients pass from the food inside the small intestines into the blood?

A

Diffusion

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6
Q

The function of the stomach

A

Store food and begin to digest food

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7
Q

Explain why digestion important

A

Allows you to survive because your body needs the nutrients.

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8
Q

What do carbohydrase enzymes break carbohydrates into?

A

Sugars

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9
Q

What does protease break proteins down into?

A

Amino acids

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10
Q

What does lipase break lipids down into?

A

fatty acids and glycerol’s

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11
Q

What is amylase?

A

Amylase is a type of carbohydrase.

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12
Q

What is bile?

A

Bile speeds up the digestion of lipids. It is not an enzyme. It is hidden in the liver and stored in the gall bladder. You cannot live a day without it.

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13
Q

Which nutrients do not need to be digested?

A

minerals, vitamins, water

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14
Q

What organ follows the stomach in the digestive system?

A

The small intestine comes after the stomach.

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15
Q

What is mainly absorbed in the large intestine?

A

water

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16
Q

Where is most digested food absorbed?

A

Most digested food is absorbed in the small intestine.

17
Q

Where does digestion start?

A

Mouth

18
Q

Where is bile produced?

A

Liver

19
Q

What gives the small intestine a large surface area?

A

Villi

20
Q

When feces are passed out of the body what is it called?

A

Egestion

21
Q

How to test for fats?

A

Add ethanol to the food to dissolve the fat then add water. Colourless to white emulsion is positive.

22
Q

How to test protein/amino acids?

A

Biuret to the food. Turn blue to purple is positive.

23
Q

How to test for starch.

A

Add iodine reagent to the food yellow-brown to blue-black is positive.

24
Q

What is Cellulose?

A

Cellulose is found in plant cell walls and cannot be digested by humans. However, as fibre, it helps the muscles of the intestinal wall push food through the digestive system

25
Q

What is Starch?

A

Starch is broken down by digestive enzymes into glucose, which can be used by cells to make energy

26
Q

What is Glycogen?

A

It is a carbohydrate store within the human body and can be converted into glucose when levels are low

27
Q

Reducing sugar (Glucose)

A

Benedict solution blue to brick-red precipitate is positive.

28
Q

What breaks down starch?

A

Amylase

Science year 8-9 (6 decks)

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