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phys exam 2 > digestion > Flashcards

digestion Flashcards

1
Q

the functions of the digestive system include

A

ingestion and mastication, mixing, digestion, absorption

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2
Q

which layer of the digestive tract is in direct contact with food

A

mucosa

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3
Q

the myenteric plexus can be found in

A

muscularis

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4
Q

which is not a type of propulsions in the digestive tract

A

segmental contraction

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5
Q

mastication

A

reduces food particle size for deglutition

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6
Q

the oral cavity is lined with _____ to protect against abrasion

A

stratified squamous epithelium

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7
Q

food is prevented from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing by the

A

epiglottis

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8
Q

how does the muscularis layer of the stomach differ from the rest of the digestive tract

A

it has 3 layers of smooth muscle

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9
Q

the functions of the saliva include

A

form bolus, starch digestion, moistens food, prevent bacterial infection in the mouth

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10
Q

the enteric plexus that is found within the musularis that helps control motility of the digestive tract is called

A

myenteric plexus

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11
Q

why doesnt the stomach digest itself

A

the stomach wall is protected by large amounts of mucus

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12
Q

the ____ cells of the pancreas secrete aqueous and enzymatic components that aid in digestion

A

exocrine

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13
Q

this is an outer layer that helps to attach organs to the surrounding tissue and hold the internal structures together

A

adventitia

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14
Q

in order to remove a tumor in the muscular tunic of the stomach, a surgeon must cut through the

A

serosa

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15
Q

the largest salivary glands are

A

parotid glands

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16
Q

strong contractions propelling large intestinal contents are called

A

mass movements

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17
Q

which of the following types in the duodenum has antibacterial effect

A

granular/ paneth cells

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18
Q

the internal anal sphincter

A

is under involuntary control

19
Q

_____ stimulates gastric secretion while ____ inhibits gastric secretion and gastric motility

A

gastrin, cholecystokinin

20
Q

the ____ phase of gastric secretion can be stimulated by taste or smell of food

A

cephalic

21
Q

the gastric phase of stomach secretion

A

is controlled by the distention of stomach

22
Q

diffusion and active transport are likely to be important in

A

absorption of food

23
Q

fecal matter contains

A

water, bacteria, sloughed off epithelial cells, cellulose

24
Q

the brunners glands in the duodenum

A

produce alkaline mucus to neutralize acidic chyme

25
Q

what is not true of absorption and transport of macronutrients

A

glucose is absorbed into the enterocyte by facilitated diffusion

26
Q

which cells in the small intestine have digestive enzymes attached to their surfaces

A

absorptive cells

27
Q

what is not true regarding pancreatic secretion

A

pancreatic juice is acidic to aid in digestion

28
Q

inability of the pyloric sphincter to open would prevent

A

food from entering the small intestine

29
Q

blockage of the ileocecal valve would prevent

A

chyme from entering the large intestine

30
Q

which of the following is not part of the portal triad

A

vena cava

31
Q

the common bile duct is formed when the hepatic duct joins with the

A

cystic duct

32
Q

liver

A

converts ammonia into urea as part of the detoxification process

33
Q

nutrient-rich blood from the digestive tract comes to the liver by way of the

A

hepatic portal vein

34
Q

accumulation of bilirubin in liver disease patients can often lead to

A

jaundice

35
Q

which of these structures increase the mucosal surface of the small intestine

A

circular folds, microvilli, vili, length of the small intestine

36
Q

glucose enters the intestinal epithelial cells via _____ while micelles enter the enterocyte via ____

A

sodium dependant glucose co transporter

37
Q

the ____ is not a major organ of the digestive system but considered an accessory organ

A

pancreas

38
Q

micelles are formed during the digestion of lipids. which of the following is not a component of micelles

A

chylomicrons

39
Q

dietary lipid digestion occurs everywhere except

A

large intestine

40
Q

which of these structures produce enzymes that digest proteins

A

pancreas and lining of the small intestine

41
Q

the major fermentation site of the GI tract is located in the

A

cecum

42
Q

the fermentation of soluble fibers may lead to production of

A

short chain fatty acids

43
Q

which of the following organs contains rugae

A

gallbladder and stomach

phys exam 2 (3 decks)

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