digestion

Question 1

the functions of the digestive system include

Answer 1

ingestion and mastication, mixing, digestion, absorption

Question 2

which layer of the digestive tract is in direct contact with food

Answer 2

mucosa

Question 3

the myenteric plexus can be found in

Answer 3

muscularis

Question 4

which is not a type of propulsions in the digestive tract

Answer 4

segmental contraction

Question 5

mastication

Answer 5

reduces food particle size for deglutition

Question 6

the oral cavity is lined with _____ to protect against abrasion

Answer 6

stratified squamous epithelium

Question 7

food is prevented from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing by the

Answer 7

epiglottis

Question 8

how does the muscularis layer of the stomach differ from the rest of the digestive tract

Answer 8

it has 3 layers of smooth muscle

Question 9

the functions of the saliva include

Answer 9

form bolus, starch digestion, moistens food, prevent bacterial infection in the mouth

Question 10

the enteric plexus that is found within the musularis that helps control motility of the digestive tract is called

Answer 10

myenteric plexus

Question 11

why doesnt the stomach digest itself

Answer 11

the stomach wall is protected by large amounts of mucus

Question 12

the ____ cells of the pancreas secrete aqueous and enzymatic components that aid in digestion

Answer 12

exocrine

Question 13

this is an outer layer that helps to attach organs to the surrounding tissue and hold the internal structures together

Answer 13

adventitia

Question 14

in order to remove a tumor in the muscular tunic of the stomach, a surgeon must cut through the

Answer 14

serosa

Question 15

the largest salivary glands are

Answer 15

parotid glands

Question 16

strong contractions propelling large intestinal contents are called

Answer 16

mass movements

Question 17

which of the following types in the duodenum has antibacterial effect

Answer 17

granular/ paneth cells

Question 18

the internal anal sphincter

Answer 18

is under involuntary control

Question 19

_____ stimulates gastric secretion while ____ inhibits gastric secretion and gastric motility

Answer 19

gastrin, cholecystokinin

Question 20

the ____ phase of gastric secretion can be stimulated by taste or smell of food

Answer 20

cephalic

Question 21

the gastric phase of stomach secretion

Answer 21

is controlled by the distention of stomach

Question 22

diffusion and active transport are likely to be important in

Answer 22

absorption of food

Question 23

fecal matter contains

Answer 23

water, bacteria, sloughed off epithelial cells, cellulose

Question 24

the brunners glands in the duodenum

Answer 24

produce alkaline mucus to neutralize acidic chyme

Question 25

what is not true of absorption and transport of macronutrients

Answer 25

glucose is absorbed into the enterocyte by facilitated diffusion

Question 26

which cells in the small intestine have digestive enzymes attached to their surfaces

Answer 26

absorptive cells

Question 27

what is not true regarding pancreatic secretion

Answer 27

pancreatic juice is acidic to aid in digestion

Question 28

inability of the pyloric sphincter to open would prevent

Answer 28

food from entering the small intestine

Question 29

blockage of the ileocecal valve would prevent

Answer 29

chyme from entering the large intestine

Question 30

which of the following is not part of the portal triad

Answer 30

vena cava

Question 31

the common bile duct is formed when the hepatic duct joins with the

Answer 31

cystic duct

Question 32

liver

Answer 32

converts ammonia into urea as part of the detoxification process

Question 33

nutrient-rich blood from the digestive tract comes to the liver by way of the

Answer 33

hepatic portal vein

Question 34

accumulation of bilirubin in liver disease patients can often lead to

Answer 34

jaundice

Question 35

which of these structures increase the mucosal surface of the small intestine

Answer 35

circular folds, microvilli, vili, length of the small intestine

Question 36

glucose enters the intestinal epithelial cells via _____ while micelles enter the enterocyte via ____

Answer 36

sodium dependant glucose co transporter

Question 37

the ____ is not a major organ of the digestive system but considered an accessory organ

Answer 37

pancreas

Question 38

micelles are formed during the digestion of lipids. which of the following is not a component of micelles

Answer 38

chylomicrons

Question 39

dietary lipid digestion occurs everywhere except

Answer 39

large intestine

Question 40

which of these structures produce enzymes that digest proteins

Answer 40

pancreas and lining of the small intestine

Question 41

the major fermentation site of the GI tract is located in the

Answer 41

cecum

Question 42

the fermentation of soluble fibers may lead to production of

Answer 42

short chain fatty acids

Question 43

which of the following organs contains rugae

Answer 43

gallbladder and stomach