Digestion Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is the equation for hydrolysis ?
substrate + water -> products
How is Glucose absorbed ?
Co-transport
How is Galactose absorbed ?
Co-Transport
How is Fructose absorbed ?
Facilitated Diffusion - Carrier Protein
How is Starch absorbed ?
Uses Amylase to hydrolyse into Maltose
How is Maltose absorbed ?
Uses Maltase to hydrolyse into Glucose
How is Lactose absorbed ?
Uses Lactase to hydrolyse into Glucose and Galactose
How is Sucrose absorbed ?
Uses Sucrase to hydrolyse into Glucose and Fructose
Where is Amylase found ?
- Salivary gland
- Pancreas
Where is Lactase found ?
Cell membrane of the Small Intestine epithelial cells
Where is Sucrase found ?
Cell membrane of the Small Intestine epithelial cells
Where is Maltase found ?
Cell membrane of the Small Intestine epithelial cells
What are endopeptidases ?
Enzyme that hydrolises the peptide bonds in the middle of a polypeptide (in a tertiary structure)
What are exopeptidases ?
Enzyme that hydrolises the peptide bonds at the end of a polypeptide (in a tertiary structure)
Why is it better to use both exo and endopeptidases ?
Rapidly increases surface area for degestion and absorption
How are amino acids absorbed ?
- Sodium ions exit intestine by active transport
- Creates a concentration gradient -> Amino Acids enter intestine by facilitated diffusion
Where is lipase found ?
Pancreas, found in small intestine
Where are bile salts found ?
Produced by the liver, found in small intestine
How are lipids broken down ?
(bile salts) (lipase) (bile)
Lipids -> Lipid drops -> Monoglyceride + Fatty Acids -> Micelles
What are micelles ?
Condensed form of lipid that can pass through membranes`
How are micelles (or lipids) absorbed ?
Micelles exit membrane (in the form of monoglyceride + fatty acids) and exit by a vesicle into the lymphatic system
What does bile do ?
Emulsify Lipids (increased surface area)
