Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology > Digestion > Flashcards

Digestion Flashcards

(56 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is an active site?

A

The place on an enzyme which the substrate connects to

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a substrate?

A

The thing that attaches to the active site on an enzyme.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the lock and key theory?

A

When the Enzyme binds to the substrate because they are complimentary shapes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is an enzyme?

A

Large protein molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What happens on the active site?

A

It breaks down the substrate ( large food molecule (insoluble)) them it’s absorbed into the bloodstream.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is protease found?

A

Stomach pancreas small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What enzyme breaks down protein into amino acids

A

Protease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does protease break down

A

Protein into amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What breaks down starch into glucose

A

Amylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where are amylase found

A

Saliva and pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do amylase break down

A

Starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do lipase break down and what into

A

Lipids into glycerol and fatty acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What breaks down lipids

A

Lipase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where is lipase found

A

Pancreas and small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What speeds up digestion of lipids

A

Bile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where is bile stored

A

Gall bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Is bile an acid or alkaline

A

Alkaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are villi

A

Projections in the small intestine and increases the surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What do the villi do

A

Increase the surface area so digested food is absorbed quicker into the blood smaller diffusion pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the surface of villi made of

A

Single layer of surface cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Inside villi

A

Network of capillaries so it has a good blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where is bile stored and made

A

Stored : gall bladder
Made: liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Is bile and enzyme

24
Q

What does bile do

Study These Flashcards
A

It speeds up the digestion of lipids by increasing the surface area

25
How does bile speed up digestion
Bile emulsifies the lipid so increase the surface area of the lipids so increase the rate of lipid break down by lipase
26
Why is it important that bile is an alkaline
It neutralises the stomach acids so it created alkaline conditions for the small intestine so it increase the rate of lipid digestion by lipase
27
How does temperature affect the enzymes
Increases enzyme reaction increases until reaches optimum temperature
28
What happens when the temperature on an enzyme gets too much
Active site denatures so enzyme can no longer speed up reaction
29
What do ph do to enzymes
Each enzyme has a specific optimum ph The active site denatures if conditions are too alkaline or acidic
30
Test for starch
2cm… of food solution ( food samples grinder with distilled water filter solution to remove food particles) add iodine solution
31
Colours for starch
Orange - blue / black
32
Test for sugars( glucose)
10 drops of Benedict’s solution to food solution and put in hot water bath for five minutes
33
Colour change of sugars
Blue - green/ red/ yellow
34
Test for protein
Add 2cm… biurets solution to food solution
35
Protein colour change
Blue-purple
36
Test for lipids
Unfiltered food solution and a few drops of ethanol and distilled water to food and shake
37
Colour change of lipid
Clear- white and cloudy
38
What is the function of the mouth and how does it do its function?
It begins the process of digestion of carbohydrates. Enzymes in the saliva begin to digest the starch into smaller sugar molecules.
39
What is the tissue that lines the stomach
Epithelial tissue
40
What is the acid that is inside the stomach?
Hydrochloric acid
41
What is the main job of the hydrochloric acid in the stomach
Assists the enzymes in the stomach to digest proteins.
42
What is the main job of the stomach and how does it do it?
Begins the digestion of protein; small molecules such as alcohol absorbed. To digest the proteins the stomach muscles perform a churning action which turn the food into fluid which will increase the surface area for the enzymes to digest easier along with the acid.
43
What happens when the fluid from the stomach begins to travel down to the small intestine? (Duodenum)
Chemicals are released into the small intestine from the liver and the pancreas. - Liver - the bile catalysts digestion of lipids. It also neutralises the acid release from the stomach as it is an alkali. - Pancreas - enzymes which continue digestion and proteins and start the digestion of lipids.
44
What is the purpose of the small intestine itself once the fluid as arrived?
The walls of the small intestine release enzymes to continue digestion of protein and lipids. Also the small molecules are absorbed into the bloodstream either by diffusion or active transport.
45
What is the purpose of the large intestine?
Absorb the water and egestion of undigested food.
46
What does contract mean?(muscles)
Get smaller
47
What allows the muscle tissues to contract?
They contain special protein fibres which can change length. The cells inside of these tissues are full of mitochondria which provides the energy for contraction.
48
What is a tissue?
A group of cells with similar structures and functions
49
What is an organ?
Group of tissues working together for a specific function E.g stomach (muscle tissue and glandular tissue)
50
What is glandular tissue
It releases enzymes to catalyse digestion.
51
What is an organ system?
When organs work together to form and organism e.g digestion system.
52
The hierarchy of internal things (digestion)
Cell Tissue Organ Organ system Organism
53
What kind of molecules are carbohydrates, protein and lipids?
Large molecules which cannot be absorbed into the bloodstream.
54
Can large molecules be digested into the bloodstream?
No because they are too large so they have to be digested into small molecules by enzymes which can be digested.
55
What are the products of digestion used for?
New large molecules (carbohydrates, proteins and lipids)
56
What is some of the glucose produced used in
Respiration.

Biology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions