Digestion

Question 1

Function of saliva

Answer 1

Protection of and chemical digestion in the oral cavity

Question 2

what provide the protective effect of saliva

Answer 2

mucus

Question 3

mucus functions to ______

Answer 3

protects agains abraisian and lubricates food

Question 4

what is a bolus?

Answer 4

ball of food from mouth to stomach

Question 5

What does the epiglottis made of?

Answer 5

cartilage

Question 6

what does the epiglottis cover during swallowing?

Answer 6

the glottis (vocal chords and opening between them)

Question 7

What kind of muscle tissue if found in the esophagus?

Answer 7

smooth and striated muscle tissue

Question 8

Salivary amylase does what?

Answer 8

t breaks down starch (glucose polymer from plants) and glycogen (Glucose polymer from animals) into smaller polysaccharides and the disaccharide maltose

Question 9

What is the volume of the stomach?

Answer 9

2 liters

Question 10

What are the 2 components of gastric juice?

Answer 10

HCl and Pepsin

Question 11

What does HCL do?

Answer 11

Disrupts the extracellular that binds cells together in meat and plant material

Question 12

pH level of gastric juice?

Answer 12

2 (about 4 with food?)

Question 13

What kind of enzyme is pepsin

Answer 13

protease (protein-digesting)

Question 14

Parietal cells in the stomach produce _______

Answer 14

H and Cl ions that will later form HCl

Question 15

Chief cells in the stomach produce ________

Answer 15

Pepsinogen

Question 16

pepsinogen in the stomach is activated by _____

Answer 16

HCl or pepsin

Question 17

what is a zymogen

Answer 17

inactive enzyme (i.e. pepsinogen)

Question 18

bacteria that causes ulcers?

Answer 18

Helicobacter pylori

Question 19

sections of the stomach?

Answer 19

cardiac , fundus (“rounded part”), pyloric

Question 20

Where else do we find a fundus?

Answer 20

uterus

Question 21

Sphincter at the end of the stomach

Answer 21

pyloric sphincter

Question 22

sphincter that opens into the stomach

Answer 22

cardiac sphincter

Question 23

how long does food stay in the stomach?

Answer 23

2-6 hours

Question 24

how long is duodenum

Answer 24

25cm or 10 inches

Question 25

3 enzymes released by the pancreas into the duodenum? (and their inactive forms)

Answer 25

Trypsin - (as trypsinogen), Chymotrypsin - (as chymotrypsinogen) Carboxypeptidase - (as procarboxypeptidase)

Question 26

function of bile?

Answer 26

Digestion of Fats and Lipids

Question 27

Bile salts are_________

Answer 27

emulsifiers that aid in digestion and absorbtion

Question 28

bile is stored in

Answer 28

gallbladder

Question 29

What tells the gall bladder to release Bile into the small intestines?

Answer 29

The horomone Cholecystokinen (CCK)

Question 30

what is emulsifying

Answer 30

breaking something down into smaller parts. Like fat molecules.

Question 31

Bile contains ________

Answer 31

Bile salts and Cholesterol