DIgestion

Question 1

Digestion breaks down food with enzymes by

Answer 1

Fat
Protein
carbs

Question 2

Strach

Answer 2

2/3 of carbohydrates

Question 3

Dissaccarides

Answer 3

Sucrose, lactose

Question 4

Monosaccarides

Answer 4

Glucose

Question 5

Complex carbohydrates

Answer 5

fibres

Question 6

How is starch absorbed?

Answer 6

1) Starch in mouth - Amylse
2) Maltose
3) Maltsae
4) Glucose to blood

Question 7

Where does Amalyse and Maltose come from

Answer 7

pancreas

Question 8

Human lack what enzyme to break what

Answer 8

complex carbohydrates - fibre

Question 9

What Enzyme breaks protein

Answer 9

Pepsi

Question 10

Protein digestion cycle:

Answer 10

1) Protein - Pepsin
2) Polypeptides - Carboxypepsidase
3) Dipeptides -Carboxypepsidase
4) Amino Acids - directly to blood stream

Question 11

Why is fat hard to digest

Answer 11

non polar

Question 12

How is fat digested

Answer 12

Needs emulsifers such as BILE or LIPASW

Question 13

Fat digestion (4)

Answer 13

1) Fat - Bile
2) Smaller fat - Lipase enzyme
3) Fatty acids / glycerol

Question 14

What is a Alimentary Canal - Gastrointestinal or GI tract

Answer 14

1) Mouth
2) Pharynx
3) Esophagus
4) Stomach
5) Small intestines
6) Large intestines

Question 15

Gut Wall (4)

Answer 15

1) Mucosa - inner linning
2) Submucosa - layer with nerves
3) Muscularis - layer with muscles
4) Serosa- connective tissue

Question 16

Absorption how is it absorbed

Answer 16

Villi and microvilli

Question 17

Two ways of digestion / food is moved

Answer 17

1) Peristalsis: propels food
forward
2) Segmentation: mixes food

Question 18

Digestive Hormones (40

Answer 18

1) Gastrin - SMELL OF FOODS
2) Secretin - when small intestines are acidic
3) Cholecystokinin
Motilin

Question 19

Swallowing

Answer 19

pharynx - controlled by medulla

Question 20

Function of stomach

Answer 20

1) Storage, Mixing, Secretion, Absorption

Question 21

Stomach can expand 20x its size

Answer 21

50ml - 1l

Question 22

What does the stomach secret

Answer 22

1) Acid
2) Pepsin
3) Mucous
4) Intrinsic factors B12

Question 23

Peptic Ulcers?

Answer 23

Hole caused by inflammation and necrosis (stocmahc)

causes pepsin

Question 24

Small Intestine

Answer 24

21 ft long

Question 25

Where does most of the food absorption occur?

Answer 25

small intestines 90%

Question 26

Where is bile secreted from and where everything else secreted form

Answer 26

1) Bile - gull bladder | 2) Pancreas

Question 27

Small intestine Absorption (3)

Answer 27

1) Amino acids/ sugar | 2) Fatty acids

Question 28

Small intestine diseases -

Answer 28

Regional enteritis- Crohn's disease, a chronic inflammatory disease of the intestine primarily in the small and large intestines but which can occur anywhere in the digestive system between the mouth and the anus. Named after Burrill Crohn who described the disease in 1932

Question 29

What does the large intestine do? (3)

Answer 29

1) Haustral contractions - slow movement 2) NA+ reabsorption 3) Water reabsorption 4) E.Coli digest fibre

Question 30

Daily Secretions

Answer 30

9L

Question 31

DAILY ABSORIPTION OF SMALL INTENSTINES

Answer 31

8.5L

Question 32

DAILY ABSORIPTION Large Intestine

Answer 32

400ML

Question 33

Accessory Organs? (3)

Answer 33

1) Pancreas 2) Liver 3) Gall bladder

Question 34

Liver Functions (6)

Answer 34

1) Metabolic proccessing of major nutrients 2) Detoxyfying 3) Syntheis plamasa proteins 4) Stores glycogen, fats, iron, copper, vitamins 5) Removes bacteria and worn-out red blood cells

Question 35

Liver Diseases - Hepatitis

Answer 35

Inflammation of liver - caused by drugs

Question 36

Hepatitis symptoms:

Answer 36

• Jaundice and liver enlargement - Fever - abniminal pain

Question 37

Gall Bladder Diseases - Gallstones

Answer 37

consist of cholesterol, bilirubin, and calcium Can block ducts • If small – gravel -

Question 38

Gall Bladder Diseases - Gallstones - Five F's

Answer 38

``` Female • Fair complexion • Fat • Fertile • Forty or older ```

Question 39

Other Disorders of the Digestive | Tract

Answer 39

Lactose intolerent - cannot support adequate level of lactasd enszyme