digestive and urinary

Question 1

what two things are important for the balancing of the animal water budges?

Answer 1

digestive and urinary systems

Question 2

what are three ways that animals gain water?

Answer 2

drinking, eating, and metabolic water (via respiration)

Question 3

what are three ways that animals loose water?

Answer 3

urine, feces, and evaporation

Question 4

what paired, dorsal to the kidney’s and the urine conductive organs?

Answer 4

the urinary system

Question 5

what does the urinary conductive organs include?

Answer 5

ureters, bladders, and the uretha

Question 6

what are the three functions of the urinary system?

Answer 6

control of blood pressure, water recycling, excretion

Question 7

what is the term for riding the body of extra factors like water?

Answer 7

excretion

Question 8

what is another name for metabolic biproducts ? and what is an example?

Answer 8

they’re also called wastes and nitrogenous wastes are an example

Question 9

what are made from the metabolism of proteins?

Answer 9

nitrogenous wastes

Question 10

what are the three excretions from animals ?

Answer 10

ammonia, urea and uric acid

Question 11

most reptiles and all birds excrete what?

Answer 11

uric acid

Question 12

fresh water fishes and amphibs. excrete what? it is very dilute urine

Answer 12

ammonia

Question 13

mammals and salt water fishes excrete what?

Answer 13

urea

Question 14

what is the name of the egg where the baby lives with waste ?

Answer 14

amniotic egg

Question 15

what filters and processes blood (dirty blood) from renal arteries?

Answer 15

kidneys

Question 16

what brings oxygen to the kidneys?

Answer 16

renal arteries

Question 17

what is the kidney work done by?

Answer 17

cellular tubules

Question 18

what are the two types of tubules ?

Answer 18

nephron and collecting ducts

Question 19

what are the functions of the two tubules?

Answer 19

nephron makes urine and dumps it into the collecting ducts that then dump the urine into the ureter

Question 20

what is known as a blood sieve (collinder), what causes this? These are leaky capillaries and get 20% of blood.

Answer 20

glomerulus and this is due to holes in the capillaries

Question 21

what are the three ways the nephran does to form urine?

Answer 21

glomerulus filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion

Question 22

what is the term for when blood pressure forces plasma through glomerular sieve. And the filtrate excludes blood cells, proteins, and little factors?

Answer 22

glomerular filtration

Question 23

what is the term for when valve molecules/ions move from tubule to the peritubular capillaries?

Answer 23

tubular reabsorption

Question 24

where do the litter factors go during glomerular filtration?

Answer 24

renal tubule

Question 25

what is the term for when ions and some nitro-waste are moved from the peritubular capillaries into the renal tube?

Answer 25

tubular secretion

Question 26

what kind of mammals have the most powerful "kidney power" which gives the ability to reabsorb water ?

Answer 26

marine mammals

Question 27

the following adaptions that assist the urinary system help what animals; gills, rectal glands, cephalic salt glands ?

Answer 27

marine mammals

Question 28

does the renal artery have dirty blood or clean blood? does the renal vein have dirty blood or clean blood?

Answer 28

the renal artery has dirty blood, and the renal vein have clean blood

Question 29

what does the ureter carry and what is it made of?

Answer 29

the ureter carries urine, and it is highly filtered plasma

Question 30

what is a branch of the renal vein and what blood (dirty or clean) does it carry?

Answer 30

venule

Question 31

the kidneys can control blood pressure through what system?

Answer 31

renin / angiotensin system

Question 32

what does the nephran release into the blood and what does that enzyme get converted to?

Answer 32

the nephran releases renin into the blood, and renin converts angiotensin to angiotensin I

Question 33

which enzyme is a circulating protein made by the liver? and what enzyme is a hormone precursor?

Answer 33

angiotensin, and angiotensin I

Question 34

what enzyme converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II(active hormone)?

Answer 34

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)

Question 35

what are the two effects of angiotensin II?

Answer 35

it increases blood pressure through thirst/drinking to incr. blood vol. and the pituitary gland will release vasopressin

Question 36

what hormone causes increased reabsorption of water by nephrans, and wide spread vasoconstriction?

Answer 36

vasopressin