Digestive Tracts Pt.1

Question 1

What is the term for the peritoneum extensions that support digestive organs ?

Answer 1

Mesenteries

Question 2

What do mesenteries contain that draws nutrients from the gut?

Answer 2

Vessels

Question 3

What are two of the glands in the alimentary canal?

Answer 3

Extramural gland and sub mucosal gland

Question 4

What is the name of the gland that the pancreas and salivary glands are examples of?

Answer 4

Extramural gland

Question 5

What is the name of the gland that is an example of the sub mucosal glands?

Answer 5

Brunners gland

Question 6

What are the two layers of the musculares?

Answer 6

Innercircular layer and outter longitudinal layer

Question 7

What does the layers of the musculares inact?

Answer 7

They inact “gut motility “

Question 8

What is peristalsis an example of? What is it?

Answer 8

It’s an example of “gut motility” and it is a wave of contraction pushing digesta as a Bollus

Question 9

What is the layer of the alimentary canal profile that is lined with stratified squamous or simple columnar ?

Answer 9

The mucosa

Question 10

What is the layer of the alimentary canal profile that is abundant with capillaries and white blood cells ?

Answer 10

Lamina propria

Question 11

What are the grooves of Inisde of the alimentary canal called?

Answer 11

Pits, it is pitted

Question 12

What’s an example of a gland that’s found in the pits of the alimentary canal ?

Answer 12

Gastric pits

Question 13

What’s a function of the pits found in the alimentary canal?

Answer 13

Mitosis sanctuary

Question 14

What are the regions of the alimentary canal ? 6

Answer 14

Oral cavity , esophagus , stomach, large intestine, small intestine and the anus

Question 15

What does the food handling in the oral cavity?

Answer 15

The tongue

Question 16

What do salivary glands make?

Answer 16

Saliva

Question 17

What are the 4 functions of salivary glands?

Answer 17

Wash and lubricate the mouth, dissolve flavorants, make enzymes, in some reptiles this is modified to venom glands

Question 18

What are teeth made of? What is an example of an animal with these?

Answer 18

Keratin , and the agnathans

Question 19

What do filter feeding whale have for their teeth ? What’s it made of ?

Answer 19

It’s called baleen and it is made of keratin

Question 20

What kind of teeth do most vert’s have?

Answer 20

Bone like teeth

Question 21

What is the hardest stuff in the body relating to teeth ?

Answer 21

Enamel

Question 22

What is enamel made of?

Answer 22

Hydroxappatite

Question 23

What is enamel made by?

Answer 23

Amyloblasts

Question 24

What is the bone like matrix called that is related to teeth?

Answer 24

Dentin

Question 25

What is Dentin made by?

Answer 25

Odontoblasts

Question 26

What is innervated, vascular and is linked by odontoblasts ? Relating to teeth

Answer 26

Pulp cavity

Question 27

What monitors the Dentin quality, and can make secondary dentin - to accommodate wear?

Answer 27

Odontoblasts

Question 28

What is the name of the conn tissue that is holding the tooth in its socket?

Answer 28

Periodontal Ligament

Question 29

There are two layers to a developing tooth in the gums, what are they?

Answer 29

Outer amyloblasts and a inner odontoblast

Question 30

What tissue lines the esophagus?

Answer 30

Stratified squamous

Question 31

What is the gland that is abundantly found in the esophagus?

Answer 31

submucosal mucos glands

Question 32

what is the esophagus in a bird called?

Answer 32

the crop

Question 33

what is the dilated area for food storage called?

Answer 33

the crop

Question 34

what is the name of the space for microbial digestion of cellulose in "foregut fermenters"? what is an example of a "foregut fermenter?

Answer 34

it's called the rumen, and cattle is an example

Question 35

what are the two purposes of the stomach?

Answer 35

storage and digestion

Question 36

how many layers does the stomach have?

Answer 36

3 layers

Question 37

what is the name for the mucosal folds to allow stretch?

Answer 37

rugae

Question 38

what are in the mucosa and are tubular glands? what do they secrete?

Answer 38

they are gastric pits and they secrete "gastric juice"

Question 39

what are the three things in gastric juice?

Answer 39

hydrochloric acid, enzymes, and mucos

Question 40

what is the purpose have the hydrochloric acid in gastric juice?

Answer 40

help digest and protect against microbes

Question 41

what is the purpose of enzymes in the gastric juice?

Answer 41

protein digestion

Question 42

what is the purpose of mucus in the gastric juice?

Answer 42

to protect the stomach from digesting itself

Question 43

how many stomaches do birds have?

Answer 43

2 stomaches

Question 44

what are the two parts of a bird stomache?

Answer 44

gizzard and the glandular stomache

Question 45

what part of the bird stomach secretes the juice?

Answer 45

glandular stomache

Question 46

what part of the bird stomach grinds up the food?

Answer 46

the gizzard

Question 47

what is the gizzard lined with? what do birds do to help the grinding on food?

Answer 47

lined with keratin like protein, and birds will eat mineral to help the grinding

Question 48

what is the name of the digesta produced by the stomach ?

Answer 48

chyme

Question 49

where is chyme squirted into, where does it get squirted from?

Answer 49

it is squirted in the duodenum from the small intestine

Question 50

what is the other three juices that goes in the duodenum?

Answer 50

pancreatic enzyme, and bile (from the liver), and brunners' gland secretions

Question 51

What secretes alkaline mucous to neutralize the acidic chyme?

Answer 51

Brunners glands

Question 52

What lines the small intestine and what kind of cell is found in this lining?

Answer 52

It is lined with enterocytes and columnar cells

Question 53

What is in the small intestine that finishes digestion? What is on the apical surface of these and what do they absorb?

Answer 53

A brush border finishes digestion, there are enzymes in the apical surface , and they actively absorb factors

Question 54

What are these adaptions assos. With to maximize surface area? Long intestine, spiral in some fishes, internal spiral folds, villi-finger like mucosal extensions , and microbiology

Answer 54

Adaptions of enterocytes

Question 55

what is the name of the section of the small intestine that connects to the large intestine, what is the name of the section of the large intestine that connects to the small intestine?

Answer 55

the "ilium" of the small intestine connects to the "cecum" of the large intestine

Question 56

what is the appendix attached to ? what kind of organ is the appendix?

Answer 56

the cecum of the large intestine , and it is a lymphatic organ

Question 57

what is different about the cecum in "hind-gut fermenters" ? what gets digested by them, what are some example?

Answer 57

the cecum is enlarged in hind-gut fermenters and they can digest cellulose , rabbits, rhinos, and horses are examples

Question 58

what are the three things that the large intestine does?

Answer 58

absorbs water, stores feces, and forms feces

Question 59

water, home cells, bacteria, and non-digestible stuff make up what from the large intestine?

Answer 59

feces