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Anatomy > digestive/respiratory > Flashcards

digestive/respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

a

A

lingual frenulum

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2
Q

b

A

vestibule (space)

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3
Q

c

A

tongue

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4
Q

d

A

labial frenulum

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5
Q

e

A

hard palate

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6
Q

f

A

soft palate

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7
Q

g

A

uvula

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8
Q

h

A

sulcus terminalis

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9
Q

i

A

palatine tonsils

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10
Q

j

A

lingual tonsils

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11
Q

a

A

filiform papillae

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12
Q

b

A

fungiform papillae

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13
Q

c

A

foliate papillae

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14
Q

d

A

circumvallate papillae

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15
Q

a

A

incisor

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16
Q

b

A

cuspid/canine

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17
Q

c

A

bicuspid/premolar

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18
Q

d

A

molars

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19
Q

a

A

crown

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20
Q

b

A

neck

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21
Q

c

A

root

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22
Q

d

A

enamel

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23
Q

e

A

dentin

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24
Q

f

A

pulp cavity

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25
Q

g

A

cementum

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26
Q

h

A

peridontal ligament

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27
Q

i

A

root canal

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28
Q

a

A

parotid salivary gland

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29
Q

b

A

parotid duct

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30
Q

a

A

sublingual ducts

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31
Q

b

A

submandibular salivary gland

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32
Q

c

A

sublingual salivary gland

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33
Q

a

A

sublingual ducts

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34
Q

b

A

submandibular duct

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35
Q

a

A

opening of auditory tube

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36
Q

b

A

pharyngeal tonsils

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37
Q

c

A

nasopharynx

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38
Q

d

A

palatine tonsils

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39
Q

e

A

oropharynx

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40
Q

f

A

lingual tonsils

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41
Q

g

A

laryngopharynx

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42
Q

h

A

epiglottis

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43
Q

i

A

esophagus

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44
Q

a

A

fundus

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45
Q

b

A

cardia

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46
Q

c

A

body

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47
Q

d

A

pyloric region

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48
Q

e

A

rugae

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49
Q

f

A

greater curvature

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50
Q

g

A

lesser curvature

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51
Q

h

A

pyloric sphincter

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52
Q

i

A

pyloric canal/ space

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53
Q
A

esophageal hiatus

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54
Q

a

A

duodenum

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55
Q

b

A

plicae circulares

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56
Q

c

A

jejunum

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57
Q

d

A

hepatopancreatic ampulla

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58
Q

a

A

duodenum

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59
Q

b

A

ileum

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60
Q

c

A

jejunum

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61
Q

a

A

ascending colon

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62
Q

b

A

taeniae coli

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63
Q

c

A

ileocecal valve

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64
Q

d

A

ileum of small intestines

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65
Q

e

A

sigmoid colon

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66
Q

f

A

rectum

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67
Q

g

A

vermiform appendix

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68
Q

h

A

cecum

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69
Q

i

A

haustra

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70
Q

a

A

transverse colon

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71
Q

b

A

descending colon

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72
Q

a

A

rectum

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73
Q

b

A

anal canal

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74
Q

c

A

anal columns

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75
Q

d

A

anus

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76
Q

e

A

anal orifice

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77
Q

f

A

internal anal sphincter

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78
Q

g

A

external anal sphincter

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79
Q

h

A

sigmoid colon

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80
Q

i

A

taeniae coli

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81
Q

a

A

sigmoid colon

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82
Q

b

A

rectum

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83
Q

c

A

anal columns

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84
Q

d

A

external anal sphincter

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85
Q

e

A

internal anal sphincter

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86
Q

f

A

anal orifice

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87
Q

a

A

left lobe

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88
Q

b

A

falciform ligament

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89
Q

c

A

right lobe

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90
Q

a

A

ligamentum teres

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91
Q

b

A

quadrate lobe

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92
Q

a

A

caudate lobe

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93
Q

b

A

coronary ligament

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94
Q

a

A

gallbladder

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95
Q

b

A

gallstone

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96
Q

c

A

cystic duct

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97
Q

d

A

right hepatic duct

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98
Q

e

A

left hepatic duct

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99
Q

f

A

common hepatic duct

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100
Q

g

A

common bile duct

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101
Q

h

A

pancreatic duct

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102
Q

i

A

hepatopancreatic ampulla

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103
Q

j

A

hepatopancreatic sphincter

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104
Q

a

A

accessory duct

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105
Q

b

A

gallbladder

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106
Q

c

A

cystic duct

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107
Q

d

A

right hepatic duct

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108
Q

e

A

left hepatic duct

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109
Q

f

A

common hepatic duct

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110
Q

g

A

common bile duct

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111
Q

h

A

pancreatic duct

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112
Q

i

A

hepatopancreatic ampulla

113
Q

a

A

hepatopancreatic ampulla

114
Q

b

A

accessory duct

115
Q

c

A

cystic duct

116
Q

d

A

gallbladder

117
Q

e

A

right hepatic duct

118
Q

f

A

left hepatic duct

119
Q

g

A

common hepatic duct

120
Q

h

A

common bile duct

121
Q

i

A

pancreatic duct

122
Q

a

A

tail

123
Q

b

A

body

124
Q

c

A

head

125
Q

d

A

accessory duct

126
Q

e

A

pancreatic duct

127
Q

a

A

accessory duct

128
Q

b

A

pancreatic duct

129
Q

c

A

head

130
Q

d

A

body

131
Q

e

A

tail

132
Q
A

spleen

133
Q

a

A

right lobe

134
Q

b

A

left lobe

135
Q

c

A

quadrate lobe

136
Q

d

A

caudate lobe

137
Q

e

A

ligamentum teres

138
Q

f

A

falciform ligament

139
Q

a

A

gallbladder

140
Q

b

A

cystic duct

141
Q

c

A

right hepatic duct

142
Q

d

A

left hepatic duct

143
Q

e

A

common hepatic duct

144
Q

f

A

common bile duct

145
Q

g

A

accessory duct

146
Q

h

A

pancreatic duct

147
Q

i

A

hepatopancreatic ampulla

148
Q

j

A

hepatopancreatic sphincter

149
Q

which papillae contain taste buds?

A

fungiform and circumvallate papillae

150
Q

function of incisors and cainines

A

gripping and ripping of food

151
Q

function of bicuspids and molars

A

grinding and mixing of food

152
Q

dental formula adult

A

2123

153
Q

dental formula deciduous

A

2102

154
Q

what type of joint holds teeth in place?

A

gomphoses

155
Q

function of uvula

A

closes off nasopharynx when swallowing

156
Q

secretions of parotid salivary gland

A

serous fluid

157
Q

secretions of submandibular salivary glands

A

serous and mucus secretions

158
Q

secretions of sublingual salivary gland

A

mucus secretions

159
Q

type of tissue of epiglottis

A

elastic cartilage

160
Q

permanence of gastric rugae and plicae circulares

A

rugae are not permanent but plicae circulares are

161
Q

where does most digestion occur

A

jejunum

162
Q

fat sheath around small intestines only seen cadaver

A

mesentery

163
Q

bulbs of fat coming off large intestines on cadaver

A

epiploic appendages

164
Q

right angle between ascending and transvere colon

A

hepatic flexure

165
Q

right angle between transverse and descending colon

A

splenic flexure

166
Q

describe anal sphincters

A

internal is smooth and external is skeletal

167
Q

function of tonsils

A

trap bacteria and help prevent infection

168
Q

bile pathway

A

right and left hepatic ducts, common hepatic duct, joins with cystic duct to form common bile duct, joins with pancreatic duct to form hepatopancreatic ampulla, duodenum

169
Q

excess accumulation of fluid in peritoneal cavity, diagnosed with mri or ultrasound, caused by many liver diseases and can be treated with paracentesis

A

ascites

170
Q

liver infection from alcoholism. liver becomes fibrous and fatty and function declines

A

cirrhosis

171
Q

final consequence of this is colon carcinoma,

A

colorectal cancer

172
Q

caused by low fiber and herniates mucosa through colon wall

A

diverticular disease

173
Q

more serious form of colon herniations yielding severe infection

A

diverticulitits

174
Q

crystalization of collesterol in gallbladder plugs the cystic duct

A

gallstones

175
Q

inflamation of stomach from contaminated food

A

gastroenteritits

176
Q

stretching and inflammation of veins due to straining

A

hemorrhoids

177
Q

describe types of hepititis

A

a- fecal to oral route, b- bood or other fluids, c- same as be but no short term symptoms

178
Q

superior stomach pushes through esophageal hiatus

A

hiatal hernia

179
Q

deep ulcers for entire intestines caused by an autoimmune disease

A

crohn’s disease

180
Q

spread through saliva, inflammation of parotid salivary gland

A

mumps

181
Q

blockage of pancreas from alcohol or gallstones causes pancreatic juices to act in pancrease

A

pancreatitis

182
Q

due to calcified plaque called calculus, main reason for dentures

A

gingivitis and then peridontitis

183
Q

demineralization of dentin and enamal

A

dental caries

184
Q

inflamation of peritoneum usually from burst appendix

A

peritonitis

185
Q

rectum pushes on and bulges vagina, caused by tearing of pelvic flood during childbirth

A

rectocele

186
Q

borders of nasopharynx

A

inferior to sphenoid bone to superior of soft palate

187
Q

borders of oropharynx

A

level of soft palate to level of epiglottis

188
Q

border of laryngopharynx

A

inferior to epiglottis to inferior ridge of cricoid cartilage

189
Q

what type of cartilage makes up the thyroid and cricoid cartilage

A

hyaline cartilage

190
Q

are the thyroid and cricoid cartilage paired?

A

no

191
Q

are arytenoid, corniculate, and cuneiform cartilage paired?

A

yes

192
Q

what type of cartilage is arytenoid cartilage?

A

hyaline cartilage

193
Q

what type of cartilage is corniculate and cuneiform cartilage?

A

elastic cartilage

194
Q

what is served by a primary bronchi

A

one of the 2 lungs

195
Q

what is served by a secondary bronchi

A

one of 5 lobes

196
Q

what is served by tertiary bronchi

A

one of 12 bronchopulmonary segments

197
Q

describe type I alveolar cells

A

made of simple squamous epithelia and site of gas exchange

198
Q

describe type II alveolar cells

A

simple cuboidal epithelia and secrete surfactant

199
Q

function of surfactant

A

reduces surface tension between alveoli

200
Q

function of the conduction zone

A

moisten, warm, and filter air

201
Q

function of respiration zone

A

gas exchange

202
Q

pathway of conduction zone

A

nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles

203
Q

pathway of respiration zone

A

respiratory bronchiole, alveolar ducts, alveolar sac, alveolus, type I alveolar cell

204
Q

a

A

external nares

205
Q

b

A

vestibule

206
Q

c

A

internal nares

207
Q

d

A

superior nasal concha

208
Q

e

A

middle nasal concha

209
Q

f

A

inferior nasal concha

210
Q

a

A

perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone

211
Q

b

A

vomer bone

212
Q

c

A

septal cartilage

213
Q

a

A

superior nasal meatus

214
Q

b

A

middle nasal meatus

215
Q

c

A

inferior nasal meatus

216
Q

d

A

frontal sinus

217
Q

e

A

sphenoid bone

218
Q

a

A

thyroid cartilage

219
Q

b

A

cricoid cartilage

220
Q

c

A

larynx

221
Q

a

A

false vocal cords/ vestibular folds

222
Q

b

A

true vocal cords/ vocal folds

223
Q

c

A

thyroid cartilage

224
Q

d

A

cricoid cartilage

225
Q

e

A

epiglottis

226
Q
A

glottis

227
Q

a

A

arytenoid cartilage

228
Q

b

A

corniculate cartilage

229
Q

c

A

cuneiform cartilage

230
Q

d

A

epiglottis

231
Q

e

A

thyroid cartilage

232
Q

f

A

cricoid cartilage

233
Q

a

A

trachea

234
Q

b

A

tracheal cartilage/rings

235
Q

what makes up tracheal cartilage?

A

hyaline cartilage

236
Q

c

A

carina

237
Q

d

A

primary bronchus

238
Q

e

A

secondary bronchus

239
Q

f

A

tertiary bronchus

240
Q
A

hilum

241
Q

a

A

superior lobe

242
Q

b

A

middle lobe

243
Q

c

A

inferior lobe

244
Q

d

A

oblique fissure

245
Q

e

A

horizontal fissure

246
Q

a

A

lobule

247
Q

b

A

alveolus

248
Q

c

A

bronchiole

249
Q

d

A

terminal bronchiole

250
Q

e

A

alveolar duct

251
Q

f

A

respiratory bronchiole

252
Q

g

A

alveolar sac

253
Q

a

A

diaphragm

254
Q

b

A

central/ cordiform tendon

255
Q

tissue associated with alveoli of the lungs

A

simple squamous epithelia

256
Q

tissue lining mouth and esophagus

A

non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelia

257
Q

lines stomach to rectum

A

non-ciliated simple columnar epithelia

258
Q

lining upper respiratory tract (trachea, nasopharynx, and bronchi)

A

ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelia

259
Q

tissue found in spleen

A

reticular connective tissue

260
Q

tissue found in vocal cords

A

elastic connective tissue

261
Q

partially collapsed lung

A

atelectasis

262
Q

what does copd stand for?

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

263
Q

inhaled irritants increase mucous production in lower respiratory tract, imparing ventilation and gas exchange

A

bronchitis

264
Q

hypersensitivity or irritants leading to bronchioconstriction and mucus secreation

A

athsma

265
Q

deterioration of alveolar walls, decreasing gas exchange

A

emphysema

266
Q

viral-induced inflammation of upper airways in children causing a hoarse cough

A

croup

267
Q

disrupted exocrine glands increase mucus production clogging airways

A

cystic fibrosis

268
Q

nose bleeding usually from nasal septum

A

epistaxis

269
Q

most common type of lung cancer

A

adrinocarcinoma

270
Q

pleaural inflamation with pain associated with the rubbing of parietal pleaura

A

pleurisy

271
Q

accumulation of fluid within the pleural cavity

A

pleural effusion

272
Q

infection causing the accumulation of fluid in the alveoli

A

pneumonia

273
Q

total collapsed lung

A

pneumothorax

274
Q

blood within the pleural cavity

A

hemothorax

275
Q

lack of surfactant in infants causes the alveoli to completely collapse during exchilation

A

respiratory distress syndrome

276
Q

inflamation within the nasal mucosa causing nasal congestion

A

rhinitis

277
Q

inflammation of paranasal sinuses by infection. air is trapped and absorbed creating a painful vacuum

A

sinusitis

278
Q

incision between second and third tracheal rings and insertion of a tube to open up airways

A

tracheotomy/ tracheostomy

Anatomy (20 decks)

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