digestive system

Question 1

functions of digestive system

Answer 1

Mechanical and chemical breakdown of food and the absorption of nutrients
Excretion of waste

Question 2

2 types of bowel movements

Answer 2

Mixing Movements:
mix food with digestive juices
Propelling Movements:
called peristalsis; pushes food down the tube

Question 3

mouth

Answer 3

begins digestion by chewing and mixing with saliva

Question 4

tongue

Answer 4

moves food, connects to floor of mouth via frenulum

Question 5

amylase

Answer 5

enzyme breaks down starch into sugars\

Question 6

esophagus

Answer 6

muscular tube that carries food and liquids from your mouth to the stomach.

Question 7

four regions of the stomach

Answer 7

the cardia, fundus, body and pylorus.

Question 8

pyloric canal

Answer 8

which connects to the duodenum

Question 9

pyloric sphincter

Answer 9

located at this latter point of connection and controls stomach emptying

Question 10

stomach lining

Answer 10

mucus prevents stomach from digesting self, small opening called gastric pits contain glands

Question 11

pepsin

Answer 11

most important digestive enzyme for breaking down food

Question 12

mechanical digestion

Answer 12

Food being broken down in smaller pieces

Question 13

chemical digestion

Answer 13

Substances in our digestive organs are released that change food particles into particles that are chemically different

Question 14

chyme

Answer 14

he semi-fluid mass of partly digested food that is expelled by a person’s stomach, through the pyloric valve, into the duodenum.

Question 15

small intestine

Answer 15

primary digestive organ in the body.

Question 16

duodenum

Answer 16

which begins at the pyloric sphincter. Just past the pyloric sphincter, it bends posteriorly behind the peritoneum, becoming retroperitoneal, and then makes a C-shaped curve around the head of the pancreas before ascending anteriorly again to return to the peritoneal cavity and join the jejunum

Question 17

jejunum

Answer 17

runs from the duodenum to the ileum. Jejunum means “empty” in Latin and supposedly was so named by the ancient Greeks who noticed it was always empty at death.

Question 18

ileum

Answer 18

large intestine frames these three parts of the small intestine

Question 19

large intestine

Answer 19

turns food waste into stool and passes it from the body when you poop.

Question 20

colon

Answer 20

start of large intestine, has an attached appendix

Question 21

rectum

Answer 21

stores waste before it is expelled from the body

Question 22

anus

Answer 22

muscular sphincter which controls the exit of waste

Question 23

function of large intestine

Answer 23

Secretes mucus, reabsorbs water, contains bacteria to aid in digestion, defecation

Question 24

bristol stool chart

Answer 24

Diagnostic medical tool designed to classify the form of human feces into seven categories.

Question 25

liver

Answer 25

accessory digestive organ, it plays a number of roles in metabolism and regulation

Question 26

gallbladder

Answer 26

stores and concentrates bile, releasing it when it is needed by the small intestine.

Question 27

pancreas

Answer 27

responsible for secretion of digestive enzymes and bicarbonate