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NutriDiet > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Digestive System?

A
  • takes in food, digests it and excretes the remaining waste
  • made up of the digestive tract organs and the accessory organs
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2
Q

What tissue is the digestive tract lined with?

A

epithelial tissue

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3
Q

What is the purpose of the epithelial tissue in the digestive tract?

A
  • secrete mucous to protect the tract from digestive enzymes
  • allow the food to pass smoothly along the tube
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4
Q

What is the pathway of food in the digestive system?

A

Mouth, Tongue, Esophagus, Stomach, (Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas), Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Rectum, Anus

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5
Q

What is the function of the mouth?

A
  • mechanical digestion through chewing
  • chemical digestion through saliva
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6
Q

What is the function of the tongue?

A
  • contains chemosensory receptor cells that allow us to taste
  • contains papillae (taste buds)
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7
Q

What is the function of the epiglottis?

A
  • trap door belonging to both digestive and respiratory system
  • swallowing triggers the epiglottis to close over the trachea to prevent food and fluids from going into the lungs
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8
Q

What is the function of the esophagus?

A
  • canal running from oral cavity to the stomach
  • tongue pushes the bolus (food) into the esophagus
  • bolus moves through peristalsis
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9
Q

What is the function of the stomach?

A
  • break down bolus using hydrochloric acid
  • the mucous membrane protects it from the acid
  • the pylorus region is where the contents are emptied into the intestine
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10
Q

What is the function of the gall bladder?

A
  • storage for bile
  • bile is used to emulsify fats
  • bile is released into the small intestine from the common bile duct
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11
Q

What is the function of the small intestine?

A
  • continues to break down food into liquid form
  • primary site of NUTRIENT ABSORPTION
  • absorbed through villi of intestine
  • remaining contents starts to turn into feces as it moves along by peristalsis
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12
Q

What is the function of the large intestine?

A
  • storage and elimination of waste leftovers
  • as the nutritional fluids are absorbed, the leftover gets more solid and compact
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13
Q

What is the function of the rectum?

A
  • temporary storage for feces
  • receptors from the nervous system tells the body to defecate
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14
Q

What is the function of the appendix (accessory organ)?

A
  • little is understood
  • sometimes food gets stuck and causes an infection called appendicitis
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15
Q

What is the function of the liver (accessory organ)?

A
  • secretes bile
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16
Q

What is the function of the pancreas?

A
  • releases insulin if blood sugar is high
  • releases glucagon if blood sugar is low
17
Q

What are the hollow organs of the digestive system?

A

mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and anus

NutriDiet (10 decks)

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