Digestive System

Question 1

these finger-like projections increase the surface area for absorption in the small intestine

Answer 1

Villi

Question 2

A lump of chewed food that moves into the stomach

Answer 2

Bolus

Question 3

this organ produces bile

Answer 3

liver

Question 4

an enzyme that breaks the subunits of DNA and RNA into a phosphate, sugar, and nitrogenous base

Answer 4

Nucleotidase

Question 5

the inactive form of the enzyme trypsin

Answer 5

Trypsinogen

Question 6

_______ gets broken down into amino acids in the digestive system

Answer 6

Protein

Question 7

a small, finger-like projection located at the junction of the small and large intestines, which is believed to store bacteria that are important to the proper functioning of the digestive system

Answer 7

Appendix

Question 8

a small capillary of the lymphatic system, found in the villi, which absorbs fat

Answer 8

Lacteal

Question 9

an enzyme that works in the duodenum to digest maltose

Answer 9

maltase

Question 10

________ juice contains HCL and pepsin

Answer 10

gastric

Question 10

______________ digestion is carried out by enzymes in the digestive system

Answer 10

Chemical

Question 11

____________ gets digested into glycerol and fatty acids in the digestive system

Answer 11

Fats

Question 12

this substance lines the stomach to protect it from damage from the stomach contents

Answer 12

mucus

Question 12

this substance is broken down by bile

Answer 12

fat

Question 12

bile works to __________ fats, separating large drops into tiny droplets

Answer 12

Emulsify

Question 12

the _______ duct carries bile from the gall bladder to the duodenum

Answer 12

common bile

Question 12

folds in the wall of the stomach

Answer 12

Rugae

Question 12

the ________ sphincter regulates the amount of chyme which is passed from the stomach to the duodenum

Answer 12

Pyloric

Question 13

The tube connecting the mouth to the stomach

Answer 13

Esophagus

Question 14

the esophagus and intestines move food along their lengths using rhythmic muscle contractions called

Answer 14

peristalsis

Question 15

a hormone, secreted by the pancreas, which stimulates the liver to release stored glycogen to increase blood glucose levels

Answer 15

Glucagon

Question 16

this structure is responsible for the absorption of water after the digestive process is complete

Answer 16

large intestine

Question 17

a substance produced by the liver used in digestion

Answer 17

bile

Question 17

a hormone, secreted by the pancreas, which stimulates the uptake of glucose from the blood by cells

Answer 17

Insulin

Question 18

tiny finger-like projections on the villi which further increase the surface area of the small intestine

Answer 18

Ville

Question 19

a large sac in which the digestion of protein begins

Answer 19

stomach

Question 20

an enzyme which breaks down the disaccharide found in cow's milk

Answer 20

lactase

Question 20

a region at the back of the throat where the mouth, nasal cavity, and top of the esophagus all meet

Answer 20

Nasopharynx

Question 21

this structure is responsible for both the digestion and absorption of food nutrients

Answer 21

small intestine

Question 22

an enzyme which works in the small intestine to digest peptides

Answer 22

peptidase

Question 23

an enzyme which acts in the duodenum to break down starch

Answer 23

pancreatic amylase

Question 24

a flap of skin which covers the internal nares during swalloing

Answer 24

Uvula

Question 25

This organ secretes serveral enzymes into the small intestine

Answer 25

pancreas

Question 26

How many anal sphincters does the average human have?

Answer 26

2

Question 27

The _________ vein takes nutrient-rich blood from the capillaries surrounding the small intestine to the liver

Answer 27

Hepatic portal

Question 28

Carbs and protein are absorbed into the _______ system of the body

Answer 28

Circulatory

Question 29

feces is eliminated through this opening in the body

Answer 29

Rectum

Question 30

fats are absorbed into the __________ system of the body

Answer 30

lymphatic

Question 31

salivary _______ breaks down starch into maltose in the mouth

Answer 31

amylase

Question 32

the first 25-30 cm of the small intestine. Much of the chemical digestion of food occurs here

Answer 32

Duodenum

Question 33

Another name for the large intestine

Answer 33

Colon

Question 34

______________ digestion is carried out by the teeth, tongue, and stomach

Answer 34

Mechanical

Question 35

_____________ juice contains many enzymes, including trypsinogen, lipase, and amylase

Answer 35

pancreatic

Question 36

the inactive form of the enzyme pepsin

Answer 36

pepsinogen

Question 37

the ___________ sphincter prevents the backflow of material from the stomach into the esophagus

Answer 37

Cardiac

Question 38

an open sore on the wall of the stomach

Answer 38

Ulcer

Question 38

The pancreatic ______ carries pancreatic juice to the common bile duct where the two join to empty into the duodenum

Answer 38

duct

Question 39

______________ is the main substance re-absorbed by the large intestine

Answer 39

Water

Question 40

an enzyme which works in the duodenum to digest fats

Answer 40

lipase

Question 40

this structure stores bile

Answer 40

gallbladder

Question 41

this enzyme is secreted by the stomach to digest protein

Answer 41

pepsin

Question 42

an enzyme that is produced by the pancreas and works to digest RNA and DNA

Answer 42

Nuclease

Question 43

an enzyme which works in the duodenum to digest protein

Answer 43

Protase

Question 44

this substance is broken down by saliva

Answer 44

Starch

Question 45

this substance is secreted by the stomach to break down food

Answer 45

Acid