Digestive System Flashcards
(122 cards)
1
Q
Sphincters are similar to what
A
valves
2
Q
the duodenum has what 3 substances
A
trypsin, amylase, lipase
3
Q
stomach has what two substances in it
A
HLC and Pepsin
4
Q
rollercoaster is an example of what
A
fundus
5
Q
hills and valleys is an ex of what
A
rugae
6
Q
where is the fundus
A
stomach
7
Q
where is rugae
A
stomach
8
Q
what is enamel
A
white part of tooth
9
Q
what is dentin
A
substance under the enamel (crown)
10
Q
what lays under a tooth
A
cementum
11
Q
what lays between teeth
A
gums
12
Q
appendic/o
A
appendix
13
Q
col/o
A
colon
14
Q
dent/o
A
teeth
15
Q
enter/o
A
intestine
16
Q
esophag/o
A
esophagus
17
Q
gastr/o
A
stomach
18
Q
gingiv/o
A
gums
19
Q
gloss/o
A
tounge
20
Q
hepat/o
A
liver
21
Q
lingu/o
A
tounge
22
Q
odont/o
A
teeth
23
Q
or/o
A
mouth
24
Q
procto
A
rectum
25
stilato
saliva
26
a/an
without, not
27
dia
through, across
28
dys
bad, painful, difficult
29
endo
within
30
ortho
straight
31
sub
below
32
al
pertaining to
33
-emesis
vomiting
34
orexia
appetite
35
pepsia
digestion
36
phagia
swallowing
37
stomato
stomach
38
GI
gastrointestinal
39
defecation
removal of solid waste from the body
40
deglutition
swallowing
41
emulsification
breakdown of large lipid molecules into smaller ones
42
haustral churning
muscular contraction pushing matter into next pouch
43
maceration
churning within the stomach to soak bolus in enzymes
44
mastication
chewing
45
peristalsis
wave like motion
46
ingestion
taking nutrients into the body ex: eating
47
digestion
the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into a useable form
48
absorption
the movement of molecules through the mucosal lining of the stomach and small intestine, and into the blood
49
excretion
the removal of solid waste (feces) from the body
50
salivary glands function
reduce size of food
51
mechanical digestion
mastication (chewing)
52
chemical digestion
1. salivary glands-secretes salivary amylase
2. digestion of carbohydrates begins
53
mechanical & chemical digestion soften food and create
bolus
54
4 types of teeth
1. incisors
2. cuspids
3. bicuspids (premolars)
4. molars
55
incisors
front 4 top and bottom teeth
56
cuspids
canine teeth
57
bicuspids
premolars - have flattened crown
58
molars
back teeth for crushing and grinding food
59
pharynx functions
1. deglutition
2. a passageway for food, liquid, and air
60
muscular tube behind trachea
esophagus
61
esophagus is how many in. long
about 10
62
esophagus performs what
peristalsis
63
what transports bolus from pharynx to the stomach
esophagus
64
hydrologic acid breaks down bolus into what
chyme
65
what does Pepsin break down
protein
66
liver and gallbladder produce what
bile
67
liver and gallbladder break down what
fats
68
liver and gallbladder eliminate what
toxins
69
gallbladder stores____that the liver produces
bile
70
liver produces what
bile
71
pancreas produces what
1.digestive enzymes-digest food
2. insulin and glucagon-regulate blood sugar levels
72
peristalsis continues where
small intestine
73
where is absorption highly active
small intestine
74
chemical digestion____fat
emulsifies
75
where is trypsin made
pancreas
76
trypsin breaks down what
protein
77
where is amylase made
pancreas
78
amylase breaks down what
carbohydrates
79
where is lipase made
pancreas
80
lipase breaks down what
fats
81
3 parts of small intestine
1. duodenum
2. jejunum
3. ileum
82
duodenum
first portion of small intestine where majority of chemical digestion occurs
83
jejunum
middle portion of small intestine where majority of absorption occurs
84
ileum
final portion of small intestine where absorption occurs
85
large intestine is also known as what
colon
86
haustral churning occurs where
large intestine
87
large intestine absorbs what
water, vitamins, electrolytes
88
large intestine changes___into feces
chyme
89
last portion of large intestine
rectum
90
temporary storage for solid waste before excretion
rectum
91
final portion of rectum
anus
92
anus does what kind of digestion
mechanical digestion
93
defecation occurs where
anus
94
disorder with inflammation in digestive track
chrons
95
disease affects any part of GI tract but mostly lower parts of small intestine (ileum)
chrons
96
chrons symptoms
pain, swollen digestive system, diarrhea, empty intestines
97
may be caused by abnormal function of immune system
chrons
98
chrons treatment
medication, nutritional supplements, surgery, BUT NO CURE
99
if someone with celiac disease eats gluten what does their immune system do
damages small intestine
100
disease both autoimmune and genetic
Celiac disease
101
most common surgical disease
appendicitis
102
results from obstruction of opening of appendix by a mass, stricture, or infection
appendicitis
103
appendicitis treatment
removal and antibiotics
104
pain in lower right abdomen may be
appendicitis
105
inguinal hernias occur when
part of intestine protrudes through weak point or tear in abdominal wall
106
weakened or deteriorated muscles later in life can cause
inguinal hernia
107
inguinal hernias at birth are caused by
abdominal lining not closing properly
108
inguinal hernia common treatment
surgery
109
pain in stomach
endogastroalgia
110
abnormal condition of the gums
gingivosis
111
pertaining to under the tounge
sublingual
112
painful digestion
dyspepsia
113
tumor in the liver
hepatoma
114
disease of the mouth
oropathy
115
enlargement of the stomach
gastromegaly
116
without appetite
anorexia
117
discharge or flow through bowell
colorrhea
118
excessive vomiting
hyperemesis
119
specialist in the study of the intestines
enterologist
120
enlargement of the tounge
hyperglosso
121
painful swallowing
dysphagia
122
pertaining to the mouth
oral
