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digestive system Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

What is the primary function of the digestive system?

A

To break down food, absorb nutrients, and eliminate waste.

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2
Q

True or False: The mouth is the first part of the digestive system.

A

True

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3
Q

What enzyme in saliva begins the digestion of carbohydrates?

A

Amylase

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach.

A

esophagus

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5
Q

What is the role of the stomach in digestion?

A

To further break down food using acids and enzymes.

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6
Q

Multiple Choice: Which organ is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption?

A

Small intestine

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7
Q

What are the three main parts of the small intestine?

A

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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8
Q

True or False: The liver produces bile.

A

True

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9
Q

What is the function of bile?

A

To emulsify fats for easier digestion.

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is responsible for water absorption and the formation of feces.

A

large intestine

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11
Q

What are the main components of the digestive tract?

A

Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus.

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12
Q

Multiple Choice: Which part of the digestive system is involved in the secretion of digestive enzymes?

A

Pancreas

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13
Q

What is peristalsis?

A

The wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract.

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14
Q

True or False: The gallbladder stores bile.

A

True

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15
Q

What is the role of the pancreas in digestion?

A

To produce digestive enzymes and bicarbonate.

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the final section of the large intestine.

A

rectum

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17
Q

What is the primary function of the large intestine?

A

To absorb water and electrolytes and to store feces.

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18
Q

Multiple Choice: Which vitamin is produced by bacteria in the large intestine?

A

Vitamin K

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19
Q

What is the function of intestinal villi?

A

To increase surface area for nutrient absorption.

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20
Q

True or False: Digestion begins in the stomach.

A

False

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21
Q

What are the four main types of digestive enzymes?

A

Carbohydrases, proteases, lipases, nucleases.

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22
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ secretes mucus to protect the stomach lining.

A

mucosa

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23
Q

What is the role of the sphincter muscles in the digestive system?

A

To control the passage of food through the digestive tract.

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24
Q

Multiple Choice: Which condition is characterized by the inflammation of the stomach lining?

25
What is an ulcer?
A sore that develops on the lining of the stomach or intestine.
26
True or False: Fiber is not digested by the body.
True
27
What is the primary purpose of dietary fiber?
To promote healthy digestion and regular bowel movements.
28
Fill in the blank: The _____ is a pouch that connects the small intestine to the large intestine.
cecum
29
What is the function of the appendix?
It is believed to play a role in gut flora maintenance.
30
Multiple Choice: Which digestive disorder is characterized by difficulty swallowing?
Dysphagia
31
What is the role of gastric acid?
To aid in the digestion of proteins and kill harmful bacteria.
32
True or False: The digestive system is responsible for the distribution of nutrients in the body.
False
33
What is the role of the salivary glands?
To produce saliva, which contains enzymes that aid in digestion.
34
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the muscular layer of the digestive tract responsible for movement.
muscularis
35
What is the primary site of protein digestion?
Stomach
36
Multiple Choice: Which part of the digestive system is responsible for detoxification?
Liver
37
What is the significance of the enteric nervous system?
It regulates the functions of the gastrointestinal system independently.
38
True or False: The tongue plays a role in the digestive process.
True
39
What does the term 'digestion' refer to?
The process of breaking down food into smaller components.
40
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the final part of the digestive process, where waste is expelled.
anus
41
What is the role of lactase?
To breakdown lactose in dairy products.
42
Multiple Choice: Which condition is caused by the inability to digest gluten?
Celiac disease
43
True or False: The digestive system is only involved in breaking down food.
False
44
What is the primary source of energy for the body obtained from digestion?
Glucose
45
Fill in the blank: The _____ are small finger-like projections in the small intestine that aid in absorption.
villi
46
What is the primary function of the gallbladder?
To store and concentrate bile.
47
Multiple Choice: Which part of the digestive system has a pH of around 2?
Stomach
48
What are the main functions of the liver?
Metabolism, detoxification, and production of bile.
49
True or False: The digestive system has no impact on the immune system.
False
50
What is the role of the rectum?
To store feces before elimination.
51
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the part of the digestive system where chemical digestion primarily occurs.
small intestine
52
What is the role of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
To create an acidic environment for digestion.
53
Multiple Choice: Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down fats?
Lipase
54
True or False: The digestive system includes both mechanical and chemical processes.
True
55
What is the function of the pancreas in relation to blood sugar?
To produce insulin and glucagon.
56
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the part of the digestive tract that absorbs most nutrients.
small intestine
57
What is the significance of gut flora?
It aids in digestion and contributes to immune function.
58
Multiple Choice: The process of breaking down food into smaller molecules is known as?
Digestion
59
True or False: The digestive system is essential for survival.
True

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