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digestive system Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

What is the primary function of the digestive system?

A

To break down food and absorb nutrients.

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2
Q

True or False: The mouth is the first part of the digestive tract.

A

True

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3
Q

What enzyme in saliva begins the digestion of carbohydrates?

A

Amylase

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The esophagus connects the mouth to the ______.

A

stomach

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5
Q

What is the role of the stomach in digestion?

A

To churn food and mix it with gastric juices for further breakdown.

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6
Q

Multiple Choice: Which organ is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption?

A

Small intestine

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7
Q

What are the three main sections of the small intestine?

A

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

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8
Q

True or False: The liver produces bile.

A

True

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9
Q

What is the function of bile?

A

To emulsify fats for easier digestion.

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes into the ______.

A

small intestine

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11
Q

What is the primary function of the large intestine?

A

To absorb water and form feces.

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12
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT part of the digestive system?

A

Lungs

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13
Q

What is peristalsis?

A

The rhythmic contraction of muscles in the digestive tract that moves food along.

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14
Q

True or False: The gallbladder stores bile.

A

True

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15
Q

What is the role of the sphincters in the digestive system?

A

To control the passage of food and waste through the digestive tract.

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ is responsible for the final stages of digestion and absorption.

A

small intestine

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17
Q

What is the function of the rectum?

A

To store feces until elimination.

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18
Q

Multiple Choice: Which vitamin is produced by bacteria in the large intestine?

A

Vitamin K

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19
Q

What is the main role of the salivary glands?

A

To produce saliva that aids in digestion.

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20
Q

True or False: The stomach has a pH of around 1 to 2.

A

True

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21
Q

What is the role of gastric acid?

A

To break down food and kill harmful bacteria.

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22
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ is a muscular tube that transports food from the mouth to the stomach.

A

esophagus

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23
Q

What is the primary function of the villi in the small intestine?

A

To increase surface area for absorption.

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24
Q

Multiple Choice: What is the first part of the small intestine?

A

Duodenum

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25
True or False: Fiber is not digested by the human body.
True
26
What are the two types of digestion?
Mechanical and chemical digestion.
27
Fill in the blank: The process of breaking down food into smaller components is called ______.
digestion
28
What is the role of the intestinal flora?
To aid in digestion and protect against pathogens.
29
Multiple Choice: Which organ is responsible for detoxifying chemicals?
Liver
30
True or False: The appendix has no known function in humans.
False
31
What is the major function of the pancreas in digestion?
To produce digestive enzymes and bicarbonate.
32
Fill in the blank: The ______ regulates the flow of chyme into the small intestine.
pyloric sphincter
33
What is the function of the mucosa in the digestive tract?
To secrete mucus and absorb nutrients.
34
Multiple Choice: What is the primary carbohydrate enzyme secreted by the pancreas?
Amylase
35
True or False: Enzymes speed up the digestion process.
True
36
What are the accessory organs of the digestive system?
Liver, pancreas, and gallbladder.
37
Fill in the blank: The digestive system breaks down food into ______.
nutrients
38
What is chyme?
A semi-fluid mass of partly digested food that moves from the stomach to the small intestine.
39
Multiple Choice: Which part of the digestive system absorbs most nutrients?
Small intestine
40
True or False: The stomach has a lining that protects it from its own acid.
True
41
What is the function of the gallbladder?
To store and concentrate bile.
42
Fill in the blank: The process of eliminating waste from the body is called ______.
defecation
43
What is the role of the liver in metabolism?
To process nutrients and detoxify harmful substances.
44
Multiple Choice: Which nutrient is primarily broken down in the stomach?
Proteins
45
True or False: The small intestine is longer than the large intestine.
True
46
What is the primary role of dietary fiber?
To aid digestion and prevent constipation.
47
Fill in the blank: The ______ is involved in both digestion and absorption of nutrients.
small intestine
48
What is the function of the large intestine's microbiome?
To ferment undigested materials and produce vitamins.
49
Multiple Choice: What is secreted by the pancreas to neutralize stomach acid?
Bicarbonate
50
True or False: The digestive system includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.
True
51
What is the role of saliva in digestion?
To moisten food and begin the breakdown of carbohydrates.
52
Fill in the blank: The ______ helps regulate blood sugar levels.
pancreas
53
What is the primary component of gastric juice?
Hydrochloric acid
54
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?
Production of insulin
55
True or False: The digestive system plays no role in the immune system.
False
56
What is the main purpose of chewing food?
To mechanically break it down and increase surface area.
57
Fill in the blank: The ______ produces bile, which is important for fat digestion.
liver
58
What is the function of the pyloric sphincter?
To control the passage of chyme from the stomach to the small intestine.
59
Multiple Choice: Which nutrient is primarily absorbed in the large intestine?
Water
60
True or False: The digestive system does not include the rectum.
False
61
What is the primary role of the duodenum?
To receive chyme from the stomach and mix it with bile and pancreatic juices.
62
Fill in the blank: The ______ is a muscular organ that aids in digestion by mixing food.
stomach
63
What is the significance of the ileocecal valve?
It prevents backflow from the large intestine to the small intestine.
64
Multiple Choice: What is the primary function of the digestive enzymes?
To break down macromolecules into smaller molecules.
65
True or False: The digestive process starts in the stomach.
False
66
What is the role of the tongue in digestion?
To help mix food with saliva and push it towards the throat.
67
Fill in the blank: The ______ is the final part of the large intestine.
rectum

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