Digestive system

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

internal stability of the body

Question 2

How does the digestive system aid in homeostasis

Answer 2

digestive system provides energy

Question 3

How does the digestive system rely on other systems

Answer 3

needs blood and O2 to function

Question 4

Autotrophs

Answer 4

make energy by making their own food using sunshine

Question 5

Heterotrophs

Answer 5

consume other organisms to obtain energy

Question 6

4 feeding mechanisms

Answer 6

1) filter feeding
2) substrate feeding
3) fluid feeding
4) bulk feeding

Question 7

filter feeding

Answer 7

use structure similar to a filter basket to gather food suspended in water

ex: sponges, tube worms, clams, barnacles

Question 8

Substrate feeding

Answer 8

live in their food source and eat through it

ex: caterpillars, earthworms

Question 9

Fluid feeding

Answer 9

suck or lick nutrient rich fluid from plants or animals

ex: mosquitoes, ticks, spiders, bees

Question 10

bulk feeding

Answer 10

ingest large pieces of food

ex: humans and all other mammals

Question 11

what type of organisms have longer digestive tracts

Answer 11

Herbivores and omnivores have longer tracts than carnivores

Question 12

main function of the digestive system

Answer 12

break down foods into their molecules so they can be used by the body

Question 13

why is food broken down into soluble units

Answer 13

so they can pass through the plasma membranes of each cell

Question 14

how are broken down substances transported through the body

Answer 14

circulatory system

Question 15

4 phases for the digestive system to function

Answer 15

Ingestion → Digestion → absorbtion → Egestion

Question 16

Ingestion

Answer 16

Bringing Nutrients into the body
usually happens in the mouth

Question 17

Digestion

Answer 17

Breaks down food into smaller pieces

Question 18

2 types of digestion

Answer 18

mechanical and chemical

Question 19

mechanical digestion

Answer 19

physically break down food

decreases surface area

Question 20

chemical digestion

Answer 20

Enzymes break down food to a molecular level

chemical bonds in food particles are separated

Question 21

Absorption

Answer 21

nutrients are absorbed mainly in the small intestine

moved to circulatory system to be distributed to the rest of the body

Question 22

Egestion (elimination)

Answer 22

Food molecules are removed from body

it is usually the food that the body is unable to digest

Question 23

Alimentary Canal (digestive tract)

Answer 23

long, open tube (usually one-way)

Question 24

How is the alimentary canal organized

Answer 24

specialized regions, with different organs along the tube processing food in different ways.

Question 25

what is the alimentary canal lined with

Answer 25

mucus lining to protect canal and move food more easily along

Question 26

what do parts of the alimentary canal produce

Answer 26

digestive enzymes to help break down food.

Question 27

mouth

Answer 27

1st point of contact with food performs chemical and mechanical digestion

Question 28

what parts is the mouth divided into

Answer 28

roof of the mouth is made up of a hard palate and a soft palate separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity

Question 29

hard palate

Answer 29

anterior (front) mainly made up of bones

Question 30

soft palate

Answer 30

posterior (back) muscular

Question 31

What does saliva contain

Answer 31

mucus, digestive enzymes (like salivary amylase), and other chemicals`

Question 32

what does salivary amylase do

Answer 32

begins the chemical digestion of food by breaking down starches

Question 33

Teeth

Answer 33

Perform mechanical digestion by physically breaking food bite, tear and grind food into smaller pieces

Question 34

Tongue

Answer 34

Mixes chewed up food with saliva

Question 35

what is the tongue made out of

Answer 35

skeletal muscles which help to push food down into the esophagus taste buds are located here

Question 36

when do taste buds activate

Answer 36

once food is present, taste buds will be activated sight or smell of food can trigger the salivary glands to produce saliva

Question 37

Tonsils

Answer 37

help body fight infections located at the back of the mouth on both sides of the tongue

Question 38

what other system are tonsils a part of

Answer 38

lymphatic system may need to be removed if they become infected

Question 39

Bolus

Answer 39

name of food once they've been digested in the mouth

Question 40

Uvula

Answer 40

finger like shape at end of soft palate

Question 41

pharynx

Answer 41

upper portion of the throat gets air from nasal cavity & food from mouth

Question 42

Epiglottis

Answer 42

flap of cartilage when food is present it seals off airway to prevent from entering (usually covers the esophagus)

Question 43

Swallowing

Answer 43

occurs in the pharynx can start by choice when it begins it turns involuntary

Question 44

what happens to bolus during swallowing

Answer 44

gets moved to the back of the mouth by the tongue once the bolus reaches the pharynx, it triggers the swallowing response moves down the esophagus by peristalsis