Digestive System

Question 1

What are the digestive system structures and their functions?

Answer 1

The digestive system structures include:
* Mouth - mechanical and chemical digestion
* Esophagus - transport of food
* Stomach - further digestion and mixing
* Small intestine - nutrient absorption
* Large intestine - water absorption and waste elimination
* Rectum - storage of waste

Question 2

Where does carbohydrate, protein, and fat digestion and absorption occur?

Answer 2

Carbohydrate, protein, and fat digestion primarily occurs in:
* Mouth - carbohydrate (salivary amylase)
* Stomach - protein (pepsin)
* Small intestine - carbohydrates, proteins, and fats (pancreatic enzymes and bile)

Question 3

What is the difference between an essential and a nonessential nutrient?

Answer 3

An essential nutrient cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained from the diet, while a nonessential nutrient can be produced by the body.

Question 4

What are the 3 accessory organs of digestion?

Answer 4

The three accessory organs of digestion are:
* Salivary glands
* Pancreas
* Liver

Question 5

What is obesity and why is it a problem?

Answer 5

Obesity is a condition characterized by excessive body fat, which can lead to health problems such as diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension.

Question 6

What are LDL and HDL?

Answer 6

LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) is known as ‘bad’ cholesterol, while HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) is referred to as ‘good’ cholesterol.

Question 7

What are the components of a healthy diet?

Answer 7

The components of a healthy diet include:
* Fruits
* Vegetables
* Whole grains
* Lean proteins
* Healthy fats

Question 8

Name and explain 4 eating disorders.

Answer 8

The four eating disorders are:
* Anorexia Nervosa - extreme restriction of food intake
* Bulimia Nervosa - binge eating followed by purging
* Binge Eating Disorder - recurrent episodes of eating large quantities of food
* Pica - eating non-food items