Digestive system

Question 1

scientific name for burping

Answer 1

eructation

Question 2

bili-

Answer 2

bile

Question 3

bucco-

Answer 3

cheek

Question 4

celi-, celio-

Answer 4

abdomen

Question 5

chole-

Answer 5

bile

Question 6

colo-, colon-

Answer 6

colon

Question 7

denti-

Answer 7

teeth

Question 8

duodeno-

Answer 8

duodenum

Question 9

-emesis

Answer 9

vomiting

Question 10

entero-

Answer 10

sm. intestine

Question 11

esophago-

Answer 11

esophagus

Question 12

gastro-

Answer 12

stomach

Question 13

digestive sys. is composed of what (2)

Answer 13

1. gastrointestinal (GI) tract
2. accessory organs

Question 14

GI tract from beginning to end (10)

Answer 14

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine: appendix, colon and rectum, anus

Question 15

6 accessory organs

Answer 15

teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

Question 16

6 steps in processing food

Answer 16

1. ingestion
2. secretion
3. mixing and propulsion
4. digestion (mechanical and chemical)
5. absorption
6. defecation

Question 17

the passage of small molecules through the plasma membranes of epithelial cells lining the stomach and intestines to the blood and lymph

Answer 17

absorption

Question 18

process of breaking down food into molecules small enough to be taken into cells of the body

Answer 18

digestion

Question 19

alternating contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle (segmentation contractions) in wall of GI tract mixes the food with the juices and moves it along

Answer 19

mixing and propulsion

Question 20

Production and release of water, acid, buffers and enzymes into the lumen of the GI tract. Both accessory and digestive organs contribute to the 7-9 liters of fluid/juices produced

Answer 20

secretion

Question 21

order of sections of the sm. intestine

Answer 21

duodenum, jejunum, ileum
(Dont Judge Iguanas)

Question 22

general layers of the gut wall from inside to outside (4)

Answer 22

1. Mucosa
2. Submucosa
3. Muscularis
4. Serosa

Question 23

the innermost tissue layer of the gut, the mucosa, is further divided into what 3 layers

Answer 23

1. epithelium
2. lamina propria
3. muscularis mucosa

Question 24

3 organs of the GI tract that possess non-keratinized, stratified squamous, epithelial tissue. The rest have simple columnar epithelium

Answer 24

mouth, esophagus and anus

Question 25

functions of epithelium (3)

Answer 25

protection, absorption, secretion

Question 26

epithelium possess some hormone secreting cells called ___ cells

Answer 26

enteroendocrine

Question 27

areolar connective tissue layer beneath the epithelial lining

Answer 27

lamina propria

Question 28

smooth muscle fibers which produce the folds of the mucous membrane to increase the surface area

Answer 28

muscularis mucosa

Question 29

the folds of the mucous membrane include ___ of intestine and ___ of stomach

Answer 29

villi, rugae

Question 30

areolar CT which binds the mucosa to the muscularis

Answer 30

submucosa

Question 31

a branch of the enteric nervous system called the ___ ___ controls gut ___

Answer 31

submucosal plexus*, secretions

Question 32

in the muscularis layer what type of mm is in the mouth, pharynx and upper esophagus thats used to produce voluntary swallowing

Answer 32

skeletal mm

Question 33

the skeletal mm in the muscularis layer of tissue gradually becomes replaced by smooth mm in the lower esophagus and onwards. The smooth mm is composed in what 2 layers

Answer 33

1. inner circular sheet 2. outer longitudinal sheet

Question 34

involuntary contractions produce ___ ___ which mix gut contents and propel them along the GI tract

Answer 34

peristaltic waves

Question 35

the enteric nervous system receives input from which nervous system division

Answer 35

parasympathetic

Question 36

a branch of the enteric nervous system called the ___ ___ controls gut motility

Answer 36

myenteric plexus*

Question 37

the movement of food, liquids, and waste through the digestive tract

Answer 37

gut motility

Question 38

outermost layer of gut which is a serous membrane composed of epithelium and CT. Specifically called the visceral peritoneum below the diaphragm

Answer 38

serosa

Question 39

gastrocolic reflex

Answer 39

physiological reflex by which eating causes the colon to contract and make room for more food coming in

Question 40

borborygmi

Answer 40

tummy rumbling