Digestive system Flashcards
(22 cards)
Alimentary Canal Functions
a) Physical(mechanical) breakdown of food
b) Chemical (enzymatic) breakdown of food into fats, carbohydrates & proteins
c) Absorb nutrients into capillaries
d) Eliminate Waste products
Mouth function in alimentary canal
- Covered in mucus membrane
- Saliva contains digestive enzymes to break down starches
Pharynx function in digestive system
- Contracts and pushes food down
Epiglottis function in digestive system
- Flap of tissues that closes off trachea when swallowing
Esophagus in digestive system
Transports food from mouth to stomach
What is peristalisis and where does it happen?
- Wave-like motion that contracts food down the esophagus
What does the stomach do in the alimentary canal
- Contains gastric juices (hydrochloric acid, pepsin) that mixes with food to form chyme
- Stomach folds called gastric rugae allow the stomach to expand
Small Intestine function and components
- Consists of duodenum, jejunum, ileum
- Absorbs nutriets through villi
Colons and Rectum function and components
- Consists of cecum, ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid colons, and rectum
- Removes water and electroylyes
Anus function
- External opening of GI tract
All components of Alimentary canal
- Mouth, Pharynx, Epiglottis, Esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colons and rectum, anus
Accessory organs components
- Mouth, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, appendix
Liver function in digestive system
- Hepatic portal system which directs blood from GI tract to liver
- First pass of filtration
-Produces bile - Metabolizes proteins
Gallbladder Function in digestion system
- Stores bile
- Releases into small intestine to digest fatty foods
Pancreas function in digestive system
- Secretes digestive enzymes and insulin, sodium bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid
Cell Theory Postulate
- All living things are made upf o one or more cells
- The cell is the basic organization unit of life
- All cells come from pre-existing cells
Lyosome function
- Digest and breakdown waste and celluar debris
- Only animals
Centriole
- Help with cell division in the process of mitosis
Ribosome
- Responsible for protein building for cell
- Both animal and plant cells
Golgi apparatus
- Found in both animal and plant
-responsible for transporting, sorting, and modifying proteins and lipids
Vacuole
- stores waste
Endoplasmic reticulum
- network in cells that combines protein and lipids
