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Digestive System Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

These secrete digestive enzymes to begin the digestive process in the mouth

A

Salivary glands

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2
Q

This moves the food into the stomach

A

Esophagus

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3
Q

An important warehouse for the body’s nutrients

A

Liver

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4
Q

Secretes juices that continue to break food particles down

A

Stomach

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5
Q

Stores bile

A

Gall bladder

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6
Q

Secretes juices that help the digestion of food in the small intestine

A

Pancreas

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7
Q

Secretes insulin

A

Pancreas

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8
Q

An important hormone that regulates glucose levels in the blood

A

Insulin

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9
Q

What happens in the small intestine?

A

Body chemicals act with food and nutrients, which are absorbed in the blood

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10
Q

What happens in the large intestine?

A

Leftover food that is of no use to the body is processed for elimination

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11
Q

High fiber foods are called……

A

Roughage

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12
Q

About how long is the digestive canal in the average adult?

A

29 feet

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13
Q

A series of wave-like muscle contractions automatically moves the food along the digestive tract. This is called….

A

Peristalsis

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14
Q

True or false

The mouth is not part of the digestive system.

A

False

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15
Q

True or false

The teeth are part of the digestive system.

A

True

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16
Q

True or false

Food passes from the mouth to the esophagus

A

True

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17
Q

True or false

The esophagus connects the mouth and the stomach

A

True

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18
Q

The esophagus is about 2 inches long.

A

False

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19
Q

True or false

There are no muscles in the esophagus.

A

False

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20
Q

True or false

Food moves automatically through our digestive system

A

True

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21
Q

True or false

Peristalsis is a disease of the digestive system

A

False

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22
Q

True or false

The stomach secretes juices that help break down food.

A

True

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23
Q

True or false

Food goes from the stomach to the upper intestine

A

True

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24
Q

I’m the entrance to the food tube. I chew the food up well.

A

Mouth

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25
I store the food for 3-4 hours while digestion is occurring. My churning breaks down protein.
Stomach
26
Waste exits from my opening
Anus
27
Final digestion takes place in my 20 foot long tube
Small intestine
28
I am a muscular tube that squeezes the food down to the stomach
Esophagus
29
I store the solid waste and remove the water
Large intestine
30
I'm the first part of the small intestine. Food enters me after it leaves the stomach.
Duodenum
31
We make chemicals to help break down the food.
Liver, pancreas
32
What are 3 of the tongue's jobs?
1. Moves food so it can be chewed. 2. Moves food to the back of the mouth where it is swallowed 3. Have tiny taste buds that have special nerves which send signals to the brain
33
What is the first step of digestion? Why is this so important?
Chewing. Important because it makes food small enough to swallow and makes the rest of the job of digestive system easier
34
What is the epiglottis?
Moves to cover your trachea when you swallow. To prevent food from going down the wrong pipe. Also makes food go Dow the esophagus
35
What allows food to stay in the stomach while being digested? Why is it important?
Stomach muscles- rings of muscles squeeze the top and bottom shut Important because it keeps food from coming up your esophagus causing you to throw up
36
Why does the stomach have many folds?
Allows the stomach to expand when you eat a big meal
37
What is the job of the villi?
Gives the small intestine more surface area to absorb food
38
How does the large intestine break down food?
The small intestine breaks down most of the food, but then large intestine takes water and salts from those wastes, making the waste more solid
39
What materials, other than wastes,are filtered out of the blood by the kidneys?
Water, salt, calcium, nutrients, and other chemicals your body needs
40
What do the kidneys do with the materials they filter out?
The kidneys have to put the right amount of materials back into the blood- keep the amounts of these materials from getting too high or too low
41
What is the body's largest internal organ?
The liver
42
About how much does the liver weigh?
About 4 and 1/2 pounds
43
True or false | Your liver acts like a warehouse for your body's nutrients.
True
44
About how many different functions does the liver have in your body?
About 500!
45
What are two of the functions of the liver?
Stores or releases nutrients according to the body's needs. Removes harmful substances from your blood
46
Name 5 nutrients the liver stores.
Sugars, starches, fats, vitamins, and minerals
47
The liver processes most of the nutrients that are absorbed from what other organ?
The small intestine
48
What are the 2 jobs of the pancreas during digestion?
1. Release digestive juices and enzymes into the digestive system to help digestion. 2. Produces insulin
49
Which organ is know as the "sugar regulator?"
Pancreas
50
What is the difference between glucose and glycogen?
Glucose is a sugar used for energy. Glycogen is secreted by the pancreas to raise blood sugar levels.
51
Spanish word for teeth
Dientes
52
Spanish word for liver
Higado
53
Spanish word for gall bladder
Vesicula biliar
54
Spanish word for large intestine
Intestino grueso
55
Spanish word for appendix
apendice
56
Spanish word for small intestine
Intestino delgado
57
Spanish word for rectum
Recto
58
Spanish word for salivary gland
Glandula saliva
59
Spanish word for esophagus
Esofago
60
Spanish word for stomach
Estomago
61
Spanish word for pancreas
Pancreas
62
Spanish word for anus
Ano
63
Saliva is produced by the salivary glands. Why is saliva important?
It has chemicals that digest food and the water makes food easier to swallow
64
What is the kidney's job?
To remove waste from your blood
65
What do the kidneys do with water?
Takes out water along with waste, which is what urine is
66
Where is urine stored before it leaves the body?
The bladder

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