digestive system Flashcards

(23 cards)

1
Q

what enzymes that are in saliva do the salivary glands release and what does it do?

A

Amylase - hydrolyses starch into maltose and then glucose

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2
Q

what does the epiglottis do?

A

stops the bolus of food from entering the trachea and prevents choking

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3
Q

what do the salivary glands do?

A

work alongside the tongue to form food into a bolus and lubricate the oesophagus

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4
Q

what is the oesophagus

A

the oesophagus is a 25cm long piece of muscle that uses peristalsis to push the food down to the cardiac sphincter before entering the stomach.

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5
Q

Define Peristalsis using the oesophagus as an example

A

the involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the oesophagus, creating wave-like movements which push the contents of the oesophagus forward.

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6
Q

what is the pancreas’ role in digestion

A

to produce biological catalysts and enzymes to speed up the digestive reactions.

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7
Q

what does the liver do?

A

the liver produces bile

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8
Q

what does bile do

A

bile helps with the digestion of lipids

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9
Q

what are lipids

A

fats and oil

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10
Q

where is bile produced

A

liver

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11
Q

where is bile stored

A

in the gall bladder

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12
Q

what organ absorbs food into the blood stream

A

small intestine

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13
Q

what does the intestine do

A

absorbs the nutrients of food into the blood stream.

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14
Q

what organ absorbs excess water back into the body

A

large intestine

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15
Q

what does the large intestine do

A

absorbs water back into the bloodstream

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16
Q

what does the rectum do

A

stores any waste products from digestion as faeces.

17
Q

what does the anus do

A

let the faeces exit the body

18
Q

what enzyme breaks down lipids?

19
Q

what enzyme breaks down protein

20
Q

what enzymes breaks down carbohydrates

A

amylase and other carbohydrase

21
Q

what does lipase hydrolyse lipids into

A

fatty acids and glycerol

22
Q

what does protease hydrolyse protein intp

23
Q

what does amylase hydrolyse carbohydrates into

A

maltose and then glucose