digestive system Flashcards
(23 cards)
what enzymes that are in saliva do the salivary glands release and what does it do?
Amylase - hydrolyses starch into maltose and then glucose
what does the epiglottis do?
stops the bolus of food from entering the trachea and prevents choking
what do the salivary glands do?
work alongside the tongue to form food into a bolus and lubricate the oesophagus
what is the oesophagus
the oesophagus is a 25cm long piece of muscle that uses peristalsis to push the food down to the cardiac sphincter before entering the stomach.
Define Peristalsis using the oesophagus as an example
the involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the oesophagus, creating wave-like movements which push the contents of the oesophagus forward.
what is the pancreas’ role in digestion
to produce biological catalysts and enzymes to speed up the digestive reactions.
what does the liver do?
the liver produces bile
what does bile do
bile helps with the digestion of lipids
what are lipids
fats and oil
where is bile produced
liver
where is bile stored
in the gall bladder
what organ absorbs food into the blood stream
small intestine
what does the intestine do
absorbs the nutrients of food into the blood stream.
what organ absorbs excess water back into the body
large intestine
what does the large intestine do
absorbs water back into the bloodstream
what does the rectum do
stores any waste products from digestion as faeces.
what does the anus do
let the faeces exit the body
what enzyme breaks down lipids?
lipase
what enzyme breaks down protein
protease
what enzymes breaks down carbohydrates
amylase and other carbohydrase
what does lipase hydrolyse lipids into
fatty acids and glycerol
what does protease hydrolyse protein intp
amino acids
what does amylase hydrolyse carbohydrates into
maltose and then glucose
