Digestive System Flashcards
1
Q
Incisors
A
Four front teeth on top and bottom
2
Q
Cuspids
A
Canines, two teeth on top and on bottom after incisors
3
Q
Molars
A
Behind the canines
4
Q
Pharynx
A
passageway for respiratory and digestive system located immediately behind the mouth
5
Q
Esophagus
A
Tube from Pharynx that moves food into the stomach
6
Q
Small Intestine
A
Divided into Duodenum, jejunum, ileum
7
Q
Large Intestine
A
Unabsorbed food is stored
8
Q
Pancreas
A
Empties digestive fluid into duodenum and insulin into the bloodstream
9
Q
Liver
A
detoxifies various metabolites, synthesizes proteins and produces biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth
10
Q
Gallbladder
A
Reservoir for bile
11
Q
Abdomin/o
A
abdomen, abdominal
12
Q
An/o
A
anus
13
Q
Appendic/o
A
appendix
14
Q
-ase
A
enzyme
15
Q
Bil/i
A
bile
16
Q
Bucc/o
A
cheek
17
Q
Cec/o
A
cecum
18
Q
Celi/o
A
abdomen
19
Q
-cele
A
hernia
20
Q
Cheil/o
A
lip
21
Q
-chezia
A
defecation
22
Q
Chol/o, chol/o
A
bile, gall
23
Q
choledoc/o
A
common bile duct
24
Q
cholecyst/o
A
gallbladder
25
Cirrh/o
orange/yellow
26
Col/o, colon/o
large intestine, colon
27
Dent/i, dento/o, ordont/o
teeth
28
Dia-
Through, throughout, completely
29
Duoden/o
Duodenum
30
-ectasia, -ectasis
dilation, expansion, distension
31
emesis
vomiting
32
end/o, ent/o
within, inner containing
33
Enter/o
intenstine
34
Esophag/o
esophagus
35
Gastr/o
stomach
36
Gingiv/o
Gingivae, gums of the mouth
37
Gloss/o
tongue
38
Hepat/o
liver
39
Herni/o
rupture, protrusion of part of a structure through the tissues containing it
40
Ile/o
ileum
41
Jejun/o
jejunum
42
Labi/o
lips
43
Lapar/o
abdominal wall
44
Lingu/o
tongue
45
Lith
calculus, stone
46
-lysis
separation , loosening, dissolving, destrcution
47
or/o
mouth
48
-ostomy, -stomy
artificial or surgical creation of an opening
49
Pancreat/o
pancreas
50
-pepsia
digestion
51
Peritone/o
peritoneum
52
-phagia
eating, swalling
53
-plasty
plastic repair, plastic surgery, reconstruction
54
Proct/o
rectum
55
Rect/o
rectum
56
-rrhea
flow, discharge
57
-scope, -scopy
action involving the use of an instrument for viewing
58
Sial/o
saliva, salivary gland, salivary duct
59
Sialaden/o
salivary gland
60
Sigmoid/o
sigmoid colon
61
Splen/o
spleen
62
Stomat/o
mouth
63
-tomy
incision into, cutting
64
Uvul/o
uvula
65
Viscer/o
internal organs
66
Barrett's Esophagus
Abnormal growth of stomach or intestinal cells at the distal end of the esophagus. Can develop from reflux.
67
Esphagitis
Inflammation of the lining of the esophagus can be caused from infections
68
Esophageal Varices
extremely dilated submucosal veins in the lower end of the esophagus caused by portal hypertension and cirrhosis of the liver and can bleed
69
Mallory-Weiss Tear
Tears in mucous membrane of the esophagus caused by vomiting or coughing
70
Hiatal Hernia
Anatomical abnormality in which part of the stomach protrudes or herniates through the opening of the diaphragm and up into the chest
71
Gastritis
acute or chronic inflammation of the stomach
72
Peptic Ulver Disease
sore or opening in the inner lining of the stomach or duodenum that develop when the intestine or stomach's protective layer is broken down.
73
Hernias
Contents of the body bulge out of the area they are normally contained
74
Gastroenteritis
infection or irritation of the digestive tract caused by virus or bacteria
75
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
IBD inflammatory conditions of colon and small intestines
76
Ulcerative colitis
Chronic inflammatory disorder limited to the colon. Ulcers line the colon
77
Crohn's Disease
Chronic inflammatory process of the bowel
78
Diverticulosis Disease
Pockets or projections extend from the walls of the colon
79
Rectal Prolapse
Complete or Partial protrusion of bowel through anus
80
Hemorrhoids
enlarged varicose veins
81
Anal Fissure
Tears in anus
82
Anal fistulas
tiny channels that level because of infection
83
Pancreatitis
Inflammation of pancreas
84
Polyps
abnormal growth of tissue projecting from a mucous membrane
85
Vermilionectomy
Lip shave
86
Cheiloplasty
surgery of the lips
87
Vestibuloplasty
Restore alveolar ridge height
88
Alveolar Ridge
structure that lies directly behind the upper front teeth
89
Frenum
Fold or flap that supports or restricts the movement of a part or organ such as a band of tissue under your tongue or the one that attaches upper and lower lip to the gums
90
Glossectomy
Surgical removal of all or part of tongue
91
Palatopharyngoplasty
removal of elongated excessive tissues of the uvula, soft palate and pharynx
92
Palatoplasty
Surgical procedure to reconstruct the palace or roof of the mouth
93
Sialodochoplasty
inserting a hollow plastic silicone tube into he salivry duct
94
Esophagectomy
removal or all or part of the esophagus
95
Diverticula in the esphagus
sac like pouches
96
Endoscopy
Visualization of the digestive organs via the use of a flexible fiber optic tube of rigid instrument.
97
Transoral
Into the mouth
98
Transnasal
into the nose
99
Transendoscopic Balloon Dilation
Endoscope is passed through the esophagus and while viewing the stricture a tube with an inflatable balloon at it's tip is passed through the endoscope and positioned at the narrowed section of the esophagus. The balloon is briefly inflated to enlarge the narrowed area.
100
Esophagogastrodurodenoscopy
Visualization of esophagus, stomach and proximal duodenum and jejunum
101
Nissen fundoplasty
mobilization of the fundus of the stomach which is then wrapped around the lower esophageal sphincter to correct reflux or hernia
102
Hiatal Hernia
a portion of the stomach in adjacent to the esophagus. Risk of strangulation
103
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
ERCP uses endoscopy and fluoroscopy to diagnose and treat problems of the binary and pancreatic ductal system
104
Gastrectomy
removal of all or part of the stomach
105
Gastric Intubaton
Pumping the stomach. Tube passed through nose or moth and lavage (pumping saline or warm water) performed, suctioning out the stomach contents
106
Tapering
gradual narrowing of a hollow organ such as the intestine
107
Colectomy
Removal of part of entire colon
108
Cecum
a pouch connected to the junction of the small and large intestines.
109
Gastric Emptying
radiologic exam to aid in diagnosing neoplasm, ulcer, obstruction and other diseases.
110
Computed tomographic colonoscopy
X-RAY machine linked to a computer. Virtual colonoscopy.
111
Cytology washing
spraying the surface of a tumor with a jet of water during endoscopy gently abrades the tumor surace
112
Capsule Endoscopy
patients swallows a capsule that encases a digital camera that produces images to diagnose gastroenterology diseases
113
Anastomosis
Surgical connection of two tubular structures
114
Anoscopy
Procedure that uses a scope to examine the anus
115
Bariatric Surgery
Gastric restrictive procedures for morbid obese decreases stomach functional size
116
Barium Enema
Radiographic contrast medium enhanced examination of the colon
117
Biliary
Gallbladder, bile or bile duct
118
Bypass
to go around
119
Calculus
Concretion of mineral salts also called a stone
120
Cholangiography
Radiographic recording of the bile ducts
121
Cholangiopancreatography
Radiographic recording of the biliary system and pancreas
122
Cholecystectomy
Surgical removal of the gallbladder
123
Cholecystoentereostomy
Creation of a connection between the gallbladder and intestine
124
Cholecystography
Radiographic recording of the gallbladder
125
Colonoscopy
Endoscopic examination of the entire colon that may include part of the terminal ileum
126
Colostomy
Artificial opening between the colon and the abdominal wall
127
Congenital
Present at birth
128
Crohn's Disease
Regional enteritis. A chronic inflammatory bowel disease that affects the lining of the digestive tract.
129
Dysphagia
Difficulty swallowing
130
Endoscopy
Inspection of body organs or cavities through an existing opening or through a small incission
131
Enterolysis
Releasing of adhesions of intestine
132
Epiglottidectomy
Excision of the covering of the larynx
133
Eventuation of intestines
Protrusion of the intestines through the abdominal wall
134
Evisceration
Pulling the viscera outside of the body through an incision
135
Exenteration
Major operation during which an organ and it's adjacent structures are removed
136
Exstrophy
Condition in which an organ is turned inside out
137
Exteriorization
To expose an internal structure outside the body for observation surgery or experimentation such as creating a passage from the bladder to the abdominal wall
138
Fistula
Abnormal opening from one area to another area or outside the body
139
Fluroscopy
Procedure for viewing the interior of the body using x-rays and projecting the image onto a television screen
140
Fulguration
Use of electric current to destroy tissue
141
Fundoplasty
Repair of the bottom of an organ or muscle
142
Gastrointestinal
Pertaining to the stomach and the intestine
143
Gastroplasty
Operation of the stomach for repair or reconfiguration
144
Hepatography
Radiographic recording of the liver
145
Hernia
Organ or tissue protruding through the wall or cavity that usually contains it
146
Hypogastric
Lowest middle abdominal area
147
Ileostomy
Artificial opening between the ileum and the abdominal wall
148
Incarcerated
A constricted irreducible hernia that may cause obstruction of the oran contained within the hernia
149
Intussusception
Slipping of one part of intestine into another part
150
Jejunostomy
Artificial opening between the jejunum and the abdominal wall
151
Laparoscopy
Exploration of the abdomen and pelvic cavities using a scope placed through a small incision in the abdominal wall
152
Lavage
Washing out of an organ
153
Marsupialization
Surgical procedure that creates an exterior pouch from an internal abscess
154
Omentum
Peritoneal connection between the stomach and other internal organs
155
Peritoneoscopy
Visualization of the abdominal cavity using a scope placed through a small incision in the abdominal wall
156
Proctosigmoidscopy
Endoscopic examination of the sigmoid colon and rectym
157
Reantocele
Herniation of the rectal wall through the posterior wall of the vagin
158
Reducible
Able to be correct d or put back into a normal postion
159
Sialolithotomy
Surgical removal of a stone located in the salivary gland or duct
160
Varices
varicose veins
161
Volvulus
Twisted section of the intestine
