DIGESTIVE SYSTEM VOCAB LIST Flashcards
1
Q
Passage of materials through villi into the blood.
A
Absorption
2
Q
Amphojel (B)
A
Aluminum hydroxide (g) - Antacid
3
Q
Enzyme secreted by the pancreas and salivary glands to digest or breaks down starch.
A
Amylase
4
Q
amyl/o
A
starch
5
Q
-ase
A
Enzyme
6
Q
lack of appetite
A
Anorexia
7
Q
removal of the appendix
A
appendectomoy
8
Q
Neutralizes hydrochloric acid in the GI tract.
A
Antacid
9
Q
Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
A
Ascites
10
Q
rumbling or gurgling noise in the gastrointestinal tract
A
borborygmus
11
Q
Prevent or stop vomiting.
A
Antiemetic
12
Q
Digestive juice made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder
A
Bile
13
Q
Tums (B)
A
Calcium Carbonate (G) - Antacids
14
Q
Cec/o
A
cecum
15
Q
The lower, S-shaped end of the large intestine
A
Sigmoid colon
16
Q
Pertaining to the abdomen.
A
Celiac
17
Q
Gallbladder resection (removal)
A
Cholecystectomy
18
Q
dilation of a bile vessel
A
cholangiectasis
19
Q
suffix meaning stretching or dilation
A
-ectasia, -ectasis
20
Q
Abnormal condition of stones in the gallbladder.
A
Cholecystolithiasis
21
Q
Choledoch/o
A
common bile duct
22
Q
creation of a new opening between the common bile duct and the jejunum.
A
Choledochojejunostomy
23
Q
new opening between the small intestine and the large intestine
A
enterocolostomy
24
Q
Chronic, degenerative disease of the liver
A
Cirrhosis
25
inflammation of the large intestine(colon)
Colitis
26
Carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum.
Common bile duct
27
Major tissue component of teeth. It is covered by the enamel in the crown and a protective layer of cementum in the root.
Dentin
28
pertaining to the cheek and teeth
Dentibuccal
29
Abnormal outpouchings in the intestinal wall.
Diverticulosis
30
Dulcolax (b)
bisacodyl (g) - Laxative
31
First part of the small intestine.
Duodenum
32
Painful inflammation of the intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection.
Dysentery
33
Difficulty in swallowing
Dysphagia
34
painful menstrual flow
dysmenorrhea
35
suffix meaning eating or swallowing
-phagia
36
Suffix means digestion
-pepsia
37
bursting forth of blood from a blood vessel
hemorrhage
38
suffix means bursting forth of blood
-rrhagia, -rrhage
39
suffix meaning suture
-rrhaphy
40
suffix meaning flow or discharge
-rhea
41
suffix meaning vomiting
-emesis
42
suffix meaning spitting
-ptysis
43
The process of swalling
deglutition
44
Swollen varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus
Esophageal varices
45
pertaining to the tongue and throat
glossopharyngeal
46
Substances produced when fats are digested.
Fatty acids
47
Pepcid (b)
Famotidine (g)
48
an abnormal connection between two body parts, such as an organ or blood vessel and another structure
Fistula
49
Abnormal tube-like passageway near the anus.
Anal Fistula
50
inflammation of the gums
Gingivitis
51
Reduce the amount of acid produced by the cells in the lining of the stomach.
H2 Blockers
52
Group of GI symptoms (abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation) without structural abnormalities in the intestines.
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
53
Jaundice
Icterus
54
Third part of the small intestine twisted.
Ileum
55
failure of peristalsis with resulting obstruction of the intestines.
Ileus
56
Telescoping of the intestines
Intussusception
57
Yellow-orange coloration of the skin.
Jaundice
58
Labi/o , Cheil/o
lip
59
Duphalac (B)
lactulose (G)
60
visual examination of the abdomen by minimally invasive surgery.
Laparoscopy
61
Weak cathartic.
Laxative
62
Tests for the presence of enzymes and bilirubin in blood
liver function tests (LFTs)
63
High levels of biliburin (yellow/orange pigment) in the bloodstream; jaundice
hyperbilirubinemea
64
Chewing
Mastication
65
Black, tarry stools; feces containing digested blood.
Melena
66
Feces are placed on a growth medium and tested for microorganisms
Stool culture(C&S)
67
passage pf bright red blood from the rectum
hematochezia
68
membrane that connects parts of small intestine.
Mesentery
69
esomeprazole(G)
Nexium(B)
70
Zofran(B)
Ondansetron(G)
71
White plaques or patches on the mucosa of the mouth.
Oral leukoplakia
72
surgical repair of the roof of the mouth
Palatoplasty
73
suffix means surgical repair
-plasty
74
The roof of the mouth
Palate
75
Inflammation of the pancreas
Pancreatitis
76
Small elevations on the tongue.
Papillae
77
rabeprazole(G)
Pariet(B)
78
Salivary gland within the cheek, just near (anterior) the ear.
Parotid gland
79
Specialist in gums
Periodontist
80
Specialist in root canal therapy
Endodontist
81
Throat, the common passageway for food from the mouth and for air from the nose.
Pharynx
82
after meals
Postprandial
83
Ring of muscle at the distal region of the stomach.
Pyloric sphincter
84
Soft inner part of the tooth.
Pulp
85
Ridges on the hard palate and the wall of the stomach.
Rugae
86
sennosides(G)
Senokot(B)
87
Circular ring of muscle that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening.
Sphincter
88
suffix meaning involuntary muscle contraction
-spasm
89
Fat in the feces; frothy foul-smelling fecal matter
Steatorrhea
90
Stomat/o
Mouth
91
Large fat molecules.
Triglycerides
92
small substances that are the building blocks of proteins
Amino acids
93
Soft tissue hanging from the middle of the soft palate
Uvula
94
Microscopic projections in the wall of the small intestine that absorb nutrients into the bloodstream.
Villi
95
Twisting of the intestine on itself
Volvulus
96
ranitidine(G)
Zantac(B) - H2 blocker
97
Chemical produced by the stomach to aid digestion
Hydrochloric Acid
98
Enzyme that digests protein
Protease
99
Ring of muscles between the esophagus and the stomach
Lower esophageal sphincter (LES)
100
Failure of the muscles in the lower esophagus to relax
Achalasia
101
Maxeran(B)
metoclopramide(G) - Antiemetics
102
Buscopan(B)
hyoscine butylbromide(G) - Parasympatholy
103
enzyme that digests fat
Lipase
104
