Digital Abstraction Flashcards
What is a digital system made up of?
Logic gates
Logic gates are the building blocks of digital systems, enabling the processing of binary inputs.
Why should we study Logic Design?
To handle huge amounts of information/data in digital systems
This includes applications in big data, cloud computing, IoT, and AI.
Define Analog in the context of signals.
Continuous values used (e.g. 8.0 to 12.0)
Analog signals are characterized by their continuous nature.
Define Digital in the context of signals.
A discrete set of values used (e.g. {0,1})
Digital signals are represented by distinct values, making them more reliable for processing.
What are the advantages of digital data?
- Stored compactly
- Processed and transmitted efficiently
- Less affected by noise
- Easier to design and more reliable
These advantages contribute to the widespread use of digital systems.
What does binary logic use?
Only two values: 1 and 0 (True, False)
Binary logic is fundamental in digital electronics and computing.
What is the significance of noise margins?
Voltage range of binary signals in practical operation
Noise margins help ensure that signals can be correctly interpreted despite potential interference.
What happens if noise accumulation exceeds the noise margin?
Signal restoration may be necessary
This can be done using repeaters or buffers to maintain signal integrity.
What is Binary-Coded-Decimal (BCD)?
A coding method where each digit of a decimal number is represented by its binary equivalent
For example, the digit ‘3’ is encoded as 0011.
What is ASCII?
American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ASCII is the standard binary code for alphanumeric characters.
What are the three most basic logical operations?
- AND
- OR
- NOT (complement)
These operations form the basis for digital logic functions.
What is a Combinational Logic Circuit?
Output is a function of current inputs only.
Time Invariant and Stateless
Combinational circuits do not have memory; they do not depend on past inputs.
What defines a Sequential Logic Circuit?
Includes internal state and is time-variant and output depends on past input and current input
Sequential logic circuits depend on both current inputs and historical states.
Fill in the blank: Digital signals tolerate _______.
Noise
This tolerance allows digital systems to function effectively in various environments.
What is the role of microprocessors in modern electronic systems?
They run software and control the system’s operations
Microprocessors are essential for processing information in digital devices.
What is the largest number representable using 16 bits?
65535
This is calculated as 2^16 - 1.
What is the base used in binary numbers?
Base-2
In contrast, decimal numbers use base-10.
True or False: Digital systems are only analog at their edges.
True
Digital systems primarily operate in the digital domain but can interface with analog components.
What is the process of converting analog to digital asynchronous?
Quantization
What is the process of converting digital asynchronous to digital synchronous?
Sampling
What is 1 and 0 associated with?
1 is True/ High Voltage, 0 is False/ Low Voltage
What is noise margin?
How much noise a circuit can tolerate before it malfunctions.
What does synchronous sequential logic circuit have?
it uses a clock to trigger storage devices.
State the components of digital logic in electronic systems.
Analog front-end (sensor actuators), processors, fixed function digital logic blocks, and memory
