Dimensional Approach, HiTOP and Assessment Flashcards
(14 cards)
DSM-5 Changes
Re: PDs
* Removal of Axis system
* Includes two distinct systems for diagnosis PDs
HiTOP- One dimensional approach to classification
- Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP)
- Dimensional model of psychopathology
- Taxonomy is the way you categorize something
- Hierarchical is starting from the bottom to the top
- Fully empirical nosology/classification system
- Based on independent, research studies
- Groups related symptoms together, reducing heterogeneity
- Combines co-occurring systems, reducing comorbidity
- Everything is measured on dimension/continuum, removing cut-offs
- Aims to systematize and facilitate research and clinical practice
- Self reports and clinical interviews developed/being revised
- Assessments results given as a summary of facets, etc.
Assessment: Interviews
Assessment
The set of procedures for gathering information about an individual (may or may not lead to diagnosis)
Assessment: Clinical Interviews
Structured
When someone is being asked questions in the same order
Assessment: Clinical Interviews
Semi-Structured Interview
When clinician has a list of questions, and depending on how you respond, you get additional questions. Flexible.
Assessment: Clinical Interviews
Symptoms
(What the person reports) Report is as part of the session
Assessment: Clinical Interviews
Signs
What the clinican observes
Assessment: Clinical Interviews
Diagnostic based measures
- Focus on categorical diagnoses
- Diagnostic interview personality disorders - IV (DIPD)
- Schedule for Nonadaptive and adaptive personality (SNAP)
- Internation personality disorder examination
Assessment: Self-Report measures/questionaries/surveys
Self-report measures/questionnaires/surveys
- Data is used to collect information of client
- Focus is personality traits
- Personality inventory for DSM-5
Assessment
Pros of interviews
- Clinicians observations count
- Can rephrase/explain anything that is confusing to the clients
Cons of interviews
- time consuming and expensive
- client might be less willing to share with the clinician because of stigma
Pros of self-reports
- fast and inexpensive to administer and score
Cons of self-reports
- Clinician observations not taken into account so client-based
- Client could misunderstand them
Dimensional approach is more accurate
- Lots of evidence supports this approach
- Does not forces people into categories that they may or may not fit
- Retains info about additional personality traits that are important for understandng the patient’s level of adjustment and functioning
- A dimensional trait model would allow for individualized profiles of traits for each person
- More precise and accurate than a diagnostic category
- Better inform treatment and research
