Question 1

Cystic Fibrosis, APEA

Accepted Answer

- Multisystem disease (Pulmonary, GI, sweat glands) - Autosomal recessive genetic disorder causes excessive loss of sodium through sweat. - 1 in 25 of European descent carry allele (mutation on Chromosome 7) - Abnormal transport of Na and Cl across epithelial membranes - Cystic fibrosis transmenbrane conductance regulator (DFTR).

Question 2

Cystic Fibrosis, Medline

Accepted Answer

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disease of the mucus and sweat glands. It affects mostly your lungs, pancreas, liver, intestines, sinuses and sex organs. CF causes your mucus to be thick and sticky. The mucus clogs the lungs, causing breathing problems and making it easy for bacteria to grow. This can lead to problems such as repeated lung infections and lung damage. The symptoms and severity of CF vary widely. Some people have serious problems from birth. Others have a milder version of the disease that doesn't show up until they are teens or young adults.

Question 3

Question: What test is the primary test for diagnosis? 1. DNA testing 2. Sweat test 3. Pulmonary function testing 4. Sequential blood sugar testing

Accepted Answer

2.

Question 4

Question: What symptoms might be present in a child with suspected cystic fibrosis? 1. Frequent episodes of diarrhea 2. Reflux symptoms beyond 9 months. 3. Excessive sweating 4. Recurrent pulmonary infections.

Accepted Answer

4. Patients can present with frequent lower respiratory tract infections. But CF doesn't only impact the lungs, also impacts the gut, the pancreas, etc.

Question 5

Cystic Fibrosis, what to do?

Accepted Answer

REFER to pediatric pulmonology or a cystic fibrosis center.

Question 6

Cystic Fibrosis

Accepted Answer

- Mucus thickens leading to frequent sinus and lower respiratory tract infections. - Mucus can block ducts of pancreas. - Weight loss and greasy stools.

Question 7

Leukemia, Medline

Accepted Answer

Leukemia is cancer of the white blood cells. White blood cells help your body fight infection. Your blood cells form in your bone marrow. In leukemia, the bone marrow produces abnormal white blood cells. These cells crowd out the healthy blood cells, making it hard for blood to do its work. There are different types of leukemia, including - Acute lymphocytic leukemia - Acute myeloid leukemia - Chronic lymphocytic leukemia - Chronic myeloid leukemia Leukemia can develop quickly or slowly. Chronic leukemia grows slowly. In acute leukemia, the cells are very abnormal and their number increases rapidly. Adults can get either type; children with leukemia most often have an acute type. Some leukemias can often be cured. Other types are hard to cure, but you can often control them. Treatments may include chemotherapy, radiation and stem cell transplantation. Even if symptoms disappear, you might need therapy to prevent a relapse.

Question 8

Leukemia, APEA

Accepted Answer

- Most common form of cancer in children. - Most common ages are 2 - 8; peak at 4 years but can occur at any age. - Acute lymphocytic leukemia = 77% - Acute myelogenous leukemia = 11%

Question 9

Acute lymphocytic leukema, Taber's

Accepted Answer

COMPLETE

Question 10

Acute myelogenous leukemia, Taber's

Accepted Answer

COMPLETE

Question 11

Leukemia, presentation

Accepted Answer

Symptoms are related to: -WBCs, RBCs, and platelets. Presenting signs, most common: - Fever, very common- lack of WBCs - Bleeding in 50% (gums, joints, bruises) - lack of platelets (PLT < 100,000) - Bone pain in 21 - 38%, especially in long bones (growing pain tends to be in joints, not long bones) - Lymphadenopathy in 50%

Question 12

What is leukemia?

Accepted Answer

It is the failure of the bone marrow. Bone marrow makes red cells, white cells, and platelets.

Question 13

Nodes, rules

Accepted Answer

Enlarged means 10 mm, unless: - Epitrochlear is enlarged if > 5 mm - Inguinal is enlarged if > 15 mm - Cervical is enlarged if > 20 mm

Question 14

Question: Where is the epitrochlear node? 1. Chest Wall 2. Elbow 3. Groin 4. Neck

Accepted Answer

2. Elbow.

Question 15

Epitrochlear Node

Accepted Answer

The epitrochlear node: - drains the ulnar, forearm, and hand - is considered enlarged if > 5mm, actually, shouldn't be able to palpate at all. - Differential diagnosis: - -skin infections - -lymphoma - -skin malignancies

Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Disc 17 - Peds, Part 1; Cystic Fibrosis, Leukemia, Febrile Seizures, Fever, HA, 11 - 14 Flashcards

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