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Discovering Computers Mod 2 Flashcards

(117 cards)

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1
Q

World wide web

A

A service consisting of websites located on computers around the world, connected through the internet.

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2
Q

Internet

A

Global collection of millions of computers linked together to share information.

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3
Q

ARPANET.

A

Developed by the Pentagon’s advanced research projects agency to allow scientists at different physical locations to share information and work together on military and scientific projects and would function even if part of it were disabled. Consisted of 4 main computers in UCLA, UCSB, Stanford Research Institute, and the University of Utah.

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4
Q

Host

A

Any computer or device that provides services and connections to other computers or devices on a network

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5
Q

Net neutrality

A

The concept that 1 website has the same value or priority as other websites, resulting in equal, unrestricted access to each site.

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6
Q

Internet service provider (ISP)

A

A company that sells internet access.

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7
Q

Bandwidth.

A

Comment term used to describe the capacity of a communications channel. Large amount of data = high bandwidth.

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8
Q

Email

A

The transmission of messages and files via a computer network.

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9
Q

US federal communication commission (FCC)

A

Responsible for releasing rules surrounding internet access, guarantee accessibility

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10
Q

Internet engineering task force (IETF)

A

Sets standards that allow devices services and applications to work together across the internet.

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11
Q

World wide web consortium (W3C)

A

Consists of hundreds of organizations and experts that work together to write web standards.

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12
Q

Webpage

A

Specially formatted document that can contain text, graphics, sound, videos, and links to other webpages. May contain: header/banner, navigation bar/menu, body, sidebar, and footer.

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13
Q

Hyperlinks (links)

A

Words or graphics, you can click to display a webpage or other resources on the internet.

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14
Q

Static webpage

A

You see the same content each time.

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15
Q

Dynamic webpage

A

The content of the webpage is regenerated each time you display it, may contain customized content such as current date and time of day, desired stock quotes, weather for a region, or ticket availability for flights.

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16
Q

Website

A

Collection of related webpages and associated items, such as documents and photos, stored on a web server.

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17
Q

Web server

A

Computer that delivers requested web pages to your computer or mobile device.

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18
Q

Responsive web design (RWD)

A

Adapts the layout of the website to fit the screen on which it is being displayed.

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19
Q

HTML (hypertext markup language)

A

Set of code that developers use to specify the headings, paragraphs, images, links, and other content elements that a webpage contains.

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20
Q

CSS (cascading style sheets)

A

Used to specify the contents design and appearance.

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21
Q

Browser

A

An app designed to display web pages or navigate from one webpage to another.

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22
Q

Cache

A

Holds a copy of each page you view, so it loads more quickly next time.

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23
Q

Cookies

A

Small text files generated by a web server to store information such as items you view or purchase on an e-commerce site.

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24
Q

Bread crumbs

A

Keeps track of pages you have viewed in a sequence to track the path you followed to display a webpage.

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25
Navigation bar
Includes buttons such as back and forward that you can use to revisit web pages along the breadcrumb path
26
Web address/uniform resource locator (URL)
An address that identifies the location of the page on the internet including its host web server.
27
Hypertext transfer protocol (http)
Most common way to transfer information around the Web/ to retrieve the page.
28
Protocol
Common set of rules for exchanging information
29
IP address
Unique number that consists of 4 sets of numbers from 0 to 255 separated by periods. 2 different schemes: IPv4 & IPv6
30
TCP/IP (transmission control protocol/internet protocol)
A set of protocols that is used by all computers and devices on the internet. TCP defines how data is routed through a network, and IP specifies that all computers and devices connected to a network have a unique IP address.
31
Domain name.
The portion of a URL that identifies one or more IP addresses. (Ex. cengage.com)
32
Address bar
The part of a browser window that displays the location of the current webpage/ displays the URL for the current webpage.
33
Top-level domain (TLD)
The 3 letter extension after the period, such as .com or .org. monitored by the organizayion Public Technical Identifiers (PTI)
34
Traffic
Communications activity on the internet.
35
Internet backbone
The major carriers of network traffic. Exchange data at several different major cities across the country, Transfer data from one network to another until it reaches the final destination.
36
Domain name system (DNS)
The method that the internet uses to store domain names and their corresponding IP addresses.
37
DNS server
A server on the internet that is usually associated with an ISP.
38
Search engine
Software designed to locate relevant webpages by creating a simple query based on your search criteria and storing the collected data in a search database.
39
Favorite
A preferred website that you can access with a click or by selecting an icon from a folder.
40
Hot spot
A wireless network device that provides internet connection to mobile computers and devices.
41
Mobile Hotspot
enables you to connect a phone computer or other device to the internet through the cellular network.
42
Megabyte (MB)
Data size equal to approximately one million characters
43
Gigabyte (GB)
Data size equal to approximately one billion characters.
44
Wi-Fi hot spots
Wireless networks that are available in public places such as hotels, restaurants, and coffee shops.
45
Tethering
Transforms a smartphone or internet-capable tablet into a portable communications device that shares its internet access with other computers and devices wirelessly.
46
Wireless access point (WAP)
Allows Wi-Fi compliant devices to connect to a network.
47
Service set identifier (SSID)
The unique address of the wireless network, you need to identify this before you can connect to the internet.
48
Bookmarking site
A website that enables members to organize, tag, and share links to media and other online content.
49
Tag
Descriptive text used to categorize media and invite comments.
50
Social media.
The many ways individuals and businesses share information and interact using the internet.
51
Blog
An informal website consisting of time-stamped articles or posts in a diary or journal format, usually listed in reverse chronological order.
52
Blogosphere
Is the worldwide collection of blogs
53
Microblog
Type of social media site that allows users to publish short messages for others to read.
54
Blogger
The author of a blog
55
Wiki
A collaborative website where you and your colleagues can modify and publish content on a webpage.
56
Chatting
Holding real-time typed conversations by 2 or more people who are online at the same time.
57
Electronic storefront
Allows you to purchase products or services on the web. Contains product descriptions, images, and a shopping cart.
58
Shopping cart
Allows the customer to collect items to purchase
59
Online auction
Users bid on an item being sold by someone else, for example, eBay.
60
Portal
A website that combines pages from many sources and provides access to those pages.
61
Content aggregator/curation website.
Gathers, organizes, and then distributes web content.
62
Web apps
Apps you can run entirely in a browser.
63
E-commerce
A business transaction that occurs over an electronic network such as the internet.
64
Business to consumer e-commerce (B2C)
The sale of goods and services to the general public.
65
Consumer-to-consumer e-commerce (C2C)
When one consumer sells directly to another.
66
Business-to-business e-commerce (B2B)
When businesses provide goods and services to other businesses like advertising, recruiting research, tech support, and training.
67
Encryption
Security method that scrambles or codes data as it is transmitted over a network so that it is not readable until it is decrypted.
68
Hypertext transfer protocol secure (https)
An encrypted website connection.
69
Digital certificate
A digital key that has been signed by a trusted third party to verify a user's identity.
70
Pop-up blocker
Filtering program that stops pop-up ads from displaying on web pages.
71
3D secure
Standard protocol for securing credit card transactions over the internet.
72
Transport layer security (TLS)
Also encrypts data to protect consumers and businesses from fraud. And identity theft.
73
Email app
Used to create, send, receive, forward, store, print, and delete email messages.
74
Clip
A media file such as a graphic, sound, animation, or movie that you can add to documents and web pages.
75
Email address
Combination of a user name and a domain name that identifies a user so that the user can receive internet email.
76
User name
Unique combination of characters (such as letters of the alphabet and numbers) that identify a specific user.
77
Email list/mailing list
Group of email addresses used for mass distribution of a message.
78
Internet messaging Services
Communications services that notify you when one or more of your established contacts are online and then allow you to exchange messages or files or join a private chat room with them.
79
Text messaging
Sending short messages to a person or group quickly
80
Multimedia messaging
Sending photos, videos, or links to a website to quickly share content.
81
Voice messaging
Recording and posting digital audio messages for another person.
82
Voice-to-text
Converts incoming or outgoing messages to written text.
83
Online discussion/ discussion forum.
An online area in which users have written discussions about a particular subject
84
Thread
Consists of the original article and all subsequent related replies.
85
Podcast
Recorded media that users can download or stream to a computer or mobile device and listen to at any time.
86
Video podcast
A file that contains video and audio, usually offered as part of a subscription to a podcasting service.
87
Web conference/video conference
A meeting among several geographically separated people who use a network or the internet to transmit audio and video data.
88
Webinar
Presentation an audience accesses over the Web that shows a shared view of the presenter's screen and may include audio and video of the presenter.
89
Video chat/video call
Face-to-face conversation held over a network such as the internet.
90
Webcasts
Video broadcast of an event transmitted over the internet.
91
Video messaging
Allows you to leave a video message for a recipient to retrieve later.
92
Voice over internet protocol (VOIP)
Refers to voice communications over the internet, sometimes called internet telephony
93
FTP (file transfer protocol)
An internet standard used to upload or download files between your local computer and a remote web server.
94
Social network
Website that encourages members in it's online community to share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videos with other registered users.
95
Feed
Provides a listing of the most recent content posted to the network.
96
Media sharing site
Manage media such as photos, videos, and music and share them with other site members, ex., YouTube.
97
Metadata
Data that describes other data, generally does not appear to site users.
98
Consumer review networks
Lets purchasers post online ratings and reviews of practically any product or service.
99
Discussion forum networks
Lets you have online conversations on any topic. For example, Quora.
100
Keywords
The descriptive word or phrase you enter to obtain a list of results and produce a list of results that include the words or phrase.
101
Upvote
An option on discussion forums that lets you promote answers that you find useful.
102
Hashtag
Descriptive word or phrase without spaces that starts with the # symbol.
103
Information literacy
The ability to find, evaluate, use, and communicate online information.
104
Spider/crawler
Software that combs the Web to find webpages and add new data about them to the database.
105
Index
Listing of terms and their locations.
106
Query
A search term entered into a search engine on the web to obtain results.
107
Search tool
Finds online information based on criteria you specify or selections you make.
108
Web directory/subject directory
An online guide to subjects or websites, usually arranged in alphabetical order.
109
Word stem
The base of a word.
110
CARS criteria
Credibility, accuracy, reasonableness, and support.
111
Citation
A formal reference to a source such as a published work.
112
Intellectual property rights
Legal rights protecting those who create works such as photos, art, writing, inventions, and music.
113
Copyright
Gives authors and artists the legal right to sell, publish, or distribute an original work.
114
Digital rights management (DRM)
A collection of technologies used by software publishers and trade groups to fight software piracy and prevent unauthorized copying of digital content.
115
Public domain
An item is available and accessible to the public without requiring permission to use and is not subject to copyright.
116
US fair use doctrine
Allows you to use a sentence or paragraph of text without permission if you include a citation to the original source.
117
Creative Commons (CC)
A nonprofit organization that helps content creators keep copyright to their materials while allowing others to use, copy, or distribute their work.

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