Disease Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is the causative agent of Cholera?
Gram-negative bacterium.
What are the symptoms of Cholera?
Toxins affect the gut lining causing watery diarrhoea leading to dehydration and death.
What is the mode of transmission for Cholera?
Water borne.
What are the control methods and treatment for Cholera?
Treatment of water, rehydration therapy, antibiotics, and vaccine.
What is the causative agent of Tuberculosis?
Bacteria.
What are the symptoms of Tuberculosis?
Causes coughing, chest pain, coughing up blood.
What is the mode of transmission for Tuberculosis?
Airborne droplets through coughs and sneezes.
What are the control methods and treatment for Tuberculosis?
Antibiotics and BCG vaccination.
What is the causative agent of Smallpox?
The Variola major virus.
What are the symptoms of Smallpox?
Characterised by fluid filled blisters on the skin.
What is the mode of transmission for Smallpox?
Person to person or from contaminated objects.
What are the control methods and treatment for Smallpox?
Low antigenic variation of the virus led to a highly effective vaccine, leading to eradication in 1980.
What is the causative agent of Influenza?
Virus with 3 sub-groups and many antigenic types.
What are the symptoms of Influenza?
Lining of the upper respiratory tract leading to sore throat, coughing, and fever.
What is the mode of transmission for Influenza?
Airborne droplet infection.
What are the control methods and treatment for Influenza?
Quarantine and hygiene, annual vaccination (not always effective).
What is the causative agent of Malaria?
Protoctistan parasite, specifically Plasmodium spp.
What are the symptoms of Malaria?
Liver and red blood cells infected, leading to bouts of fever.
What is the mode of transmission for Malaria?
Vector, passed to humans by the female mosquito when taking a blood meal.
What are the control methods and treatment for Malaria?
Nets, clothing, insect repellent, draining breeding grounds, spraying water surfaces with oil, and insecticides.
