disease and immunity ✓ Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is a bacteria ?
a microscopic single celled prokaryotic organisms
what is the structure of a bacteria ?
- circular DNA chromosomes
- cell wall
- cell membrane
- cytoplasm
- plasmids
what don’t bacteria contain ?
nucleus
what process can some bacteria do to eat ?
photosynthesise
how do most bacteria eat ?
feed off other dead or living organisms
what is an example of a good bacteria ?
Lactobacillus Bulgaricus
what is the shape of a Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ?
rod shaped
what is the function of the Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ?
used in the production of yogurt from mils
what is another example of a bad bacteria ?
Pneumococcus
what is the shape of the Pneumococcus ?
spherical
what is the function of Pneumococcus ?
is the pathogen in pneumonia
what is a virus ?
- small particles
- parasitic
- can only reproduce inside other living cells
what is the structure of a virus ?
- come in a variety of shapes and sizes
- have a protein coat of either DNA or RNA
what is an example of a virus found in plants ?
Tobacco mosaic virus
where is the Tobacco mosaic virus found ?
tobacco plants
what is the function of the Tobacco mosaic virus ?
- discolouring of leaves in tobacco plants
- prevents formation of chloroplasts
what is an example of a virus found in humans ?
influenza
what is the function of the virus influenza ?
causes flu and HIV that causes AIDS
what does pathogen mean ?
pathogens are organisms that cause diseases
how does the body respond to disease ?
- phagocytes detect foreign bodies and engulf and digest them
- lymphocytes come across a foreign antigen they will start to produce proteins called antibodies which mark the pathogens for destruction and attack them
- memory cells are produces in response to the foreign antigen and remain in the body to remember the specific antigen so if the same pathogen enters the body again they can quickly destroy the pathogens
