Diseases and Disorders (Matching)

Question 1

Bell’s Palsy

Answer 1

Bell’s Palsy is associated with facial paralysis and neck + facial pain. It is caused by damage to the 7th nerve (facial nerve).

Question 2

Hydrocephalus

Answer 2

Hydrocephalus (water head) is caused by enlarged ventricles.

Characterized by increase in head size, vomiting, seizures.

Caused by obstructions that create a buildup of cerebral spinal fluid.

Treated by shunts that are implanted.

Question 3

Meningitis

Answer 3

Meningitis is caused by microorganisms that invade layers of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid layer.

Causes inflammation, which causes delirum, drowsiness, or even coma.

Bacterial Meningitis is the most dangerous.

Question 4

Encephalitis

Answer 4

Encephalitis is caused by an infection of the brain itself.

Encephalitis lethargica from WW1.

Characterized by sleep disturbances (sleep all day, wake all night), and tremors/body movements.

This damage is caused by the death of the substantia nigra.

Treatment: removal of affected hemisphere. Retardation is a common side effect.

Question 5

Multiple Sclerosis

Answer 5

Multiple Sclerosis is caused by damage to myelin, which makes neurons unable to send messages. Additionally, plaques can form scars on brain tissue.

Causes issues with muscle movement.

No cure, but corticosteroids can reduce symptoms

Question 6

Autism

Answer 6

It has been proposed that mirror neurons may play a major role in autism.