Diseases for Ex 2

Question 1

Multiple Sclerosis

Answer 1

• autoimmune inflammatory disease involving degeneration of myelin in the CNS
• Autoreactive T and B cells cross the BBB and attack myelin
• neurological symptoms - muscle weakness, cognitive dysfunction, etc

Question 2

Muscular Dystrophy

Answer 2

• autosomal disorder in which a genetic mutation causes an absence or decrease in production of muscular dystrophin
• muscle weakness mainly around the pelvis and thighs

Question 3

Aneurysms

Answer 3

• abnormal weakening of a part of an artery, causing it to widen
• can be caused by atherosclerosis, hypertension, embolisms
• pain, swelling, stiff/rigid abd, ringing in ears, etc

Question 4

Sickle Cell Anemia

Answer 4

• genetic mutation that alters the production of hemoglobin in RBCs, changes the shape of the cells to a sickle shape
• anemia, fatigue, pain, developmental delays in children

Question 5

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transfer

Answer 5

• transfer of hematopoietic stem cells in order to reestablish blood cell production
• typical in pts with cancer
• can be given in 3 diff ways: Bone marrow, peripheral blood, and umbilical cord blood

Question 6

Hemophilia

Answer 6

• inherited bleeding disorder in which the blood’s ability to clot is severely reduced
• lack of clotting factors in the blood
• excessive bleeding, large bruising, pain and swelling of joints

Question 7

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

Answer 7

• mutational cancer in which there is an abnormal accumulation of B cells
• cancer that affects the lymphatic system
• painless swollen lymph nodes, fatigue, chest pain

Question 8

ALS

Answer 8

• degenerative neuromuscular disease
• genetic mutation in SOD1, which causes incorrect production of proteins that cannot be broken down, causes buildup of proteins
• affects CNS and PNS