disorders of red blood cells Flashcards
(23 cards)
these are common causes of what
1. iron deficiency
2. anemia of chronic disease/inflammation
3. thalassemia’s
4. lead toxicity/sideroblastic anemia
microcytic?
low ferritin high rdw early and high platelets
hypochromia
high rdw
condition that causes body to produce more rbc
deficiency in alpha or beta globulin that leads to excess in the other
thalassemia
high rbc
normal rdw
very low mcv
high HbA2
thalassemia
target cells commonly
thalassemia
ckd leads to
anemia bc erythropoietin production low so cant produce rbc
high/normal ferritin
low iron
low/norm TIBC
sTfR/log ferritin ratio less than 1 (soluble transferrin receptor problem will not release)
ACD microcytic flavour
things that increase ferritin
inflammation
high zinc protoporphyrin
ring sideroblasts in marrow aspirate
ask about hobbies, house paint, imported ceramics
lead poisoning
acute blood loss early
haemolysis
early ACD or CKD
bone-marrow failure/aplasia/infiltration
normocytic causes
haematocrit lags
RI rises after day 3-4
first priority: restore volume and haemodynamics
acute blood loss
ckd or chronic inflammation
RI low-norm
creatinine high or CRP/ESR elevated
low-epo states
vitamin b12 deficiency
folate deficiency
alcohol/liver disease
myelodysplastic syndromes
reticulocytosis
macrocytic
high MCV (large size)
methyl-malonic acid high, homocysteine high
peripheral neuropathy, posterior column signs
B12 deficiency
MCV high
MMA normal, high homocysteine
neural tube risk in pregnancy
folate deficiency
rule out before think of b12
macrocytosis and other cytopenias
marrow biopsy definition
?
immune DAT
positive
non-immune DAT
negative
DAT IgG+
first line prednisone
splenomegaly common
warm AIHA
DAT C3+, IgM mediated
acrocyanosis, hemoglobinuria in cold
treat- keep warm, rituximab, avoid transfusions in cold room
cold agglutinin disease
HbS polymerises when deoxygenated
chronic hemolysis and vasoocclusive crises
acute chest, stroke, aplastic crises
hydrocyurea high HbF
sickle cell
