Disorders of the Canine Vulva/Vagina and Mammary Glands

Question 1

vaginal strictures occur more often in what types of dogs?

Answer 1

Maiden females (never been bred)

Question 2

Vaginal strictures are ____ in nature and are often at the site of the junction of the _____ and ______

Answer 2

Circumferential; vagina and vestibule

Question 3

What are the clinical signs of vaginal stricture’s?

Answer 3

vaginitis and UTI, inability to mate

Question 4

When does vaginal stricture usually resolve? How can we help resolve it?

Answer 4

Prior to parturition, monitor in late gestation. Can help resolve it via manual stretching during a vaginal exam palpation

Question 5

Clitoral hypertrophy is a ___ dependent hypertrophy thats assoc. with intersex conditions

Answer 5

Hormone

Question 6

What can be used to help tx clitoral hypertrophy?

Answer 6

Test suppression or increase estrogen

Question 7

What may be seen in cases of hyperadrenocorticism or with exogenous or endogenous testosterone

Answer 7

Clitoral hypertrophy

Question 8

Vaginal prolapse- clinical signs and rule outs

Answer 8

Condition occuring from increased estrogen, increased edema from the increased estrogen. Visible mass protruding through the labia. Several different grades, primary rule out is vaginal neoplasia

Question 9

What is the primary rule out for vaginal prolpase?

Answer 9

Vaginal neoplasia

Question 10

Protrusion of edematous vaginal tissue into the vaginal lumen and/or through the vulvar lips is called….

Answer 10

Vaginal prolapse

Question 11

edema secondary to ____

Answer 11

estrogen

Question 12

When does vaginal prolapse likely occur the most?

Answer 12

during the peak of estrogen secretion DURING PROESTRUS

Question 13

Does vaginal prolapse occur more on the first heat?

Answer 13

Nopeee, occurs on the second or third heat

Question 14

What breeds are overrepresented for vaginal prolapse?

Answer 14

Boxers, bullies, pit bulls

Question 15

Vaginitis usually resolves when…

Answer 15

after first heat cycle if its juvenile vaginitis (occuring less than one yr of age)

Question 16

Vaginitis- females are always very sick. T/F

Answer 16

False, usually asymptomatic

Question 17

Vaginitis- diagnostic approach is via ____

Answer 17

cytology

Question 18

What should be ruled out with adult onset vaginitis (rarer)

Answer 18

Brucellosis (zoonotic potential, reportable!!!), canine herpes, estrogen deprivation after spay, congenital vaginal anatomy abn, underlying urinary tract dz

Question 19

High % of ??? cases recover spontaneously

Answer 19

Adult onset vaginitis

Question 20

Vaginal tumors are pretty rare, most are benign. What are examples of malignant tumors?

Answer 20

Transmissible veneral tumor (TVT), leiomyosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, hemangiosarcoma

Question 21

Vaginal tumors are typically seen in what kinds of females? What is the tx of choice?

Answer 21

Usually older females- exception being TVT; surgical removal is the tx of choice

Question 22

Mammary tumors are the second most tumor type in a female dog. T/F

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Mammary tumors are rare in dogs less than 5. T/F

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Being intact increases risk of _____ tumors by 4x

Answer 24

mammary

Question 25

Cats mammary tumors are usually benign or malignant?

Answer 25

Malignant

Question 26

Always send all mammary masses for _______

Answer 26

Histopathology

Question 27

Mammary tumors tx:

Answer 27

Surgical removal, lumpectomy, mastectomy

Question 28

Galactorrhea/False Pregnancy most commonly occur when???

Answer 28

Most commonly occur at end of diestrus

Question 29

Galactorrhea/false pregnancy hormone levels:

Answer 29

Decline in progesterone in the face of rising prolactin

Question 30

What is the best tx for false pregnancy?

Answer 30

Prolactin inhibitors

Question 31

Mastitis is inflammation of mammary tissue, often occurs during ______

Answer 31

Lactation

Question 32

Mastitis- bacterial sp. involved?

Answer 32

E. coli, Staphylococci and streptococci are common isolates

Question 33

How do we tx mastitis???

Answer 33

IV or oral abx, NSAIDs, hot compresses, cabbage leaves (?)

Question 34

What should we always rule out when dealing with a case lookin like mastitis?

Answer 34

Mammary adenocarcinoma

Question 35

CEH is involved with repeated exposure of _______

Answer 35

progesterone

Question 36

pyometra and CEH are both involved with high _____

Answer 36

progesterone

Question 37

Mammary hyperplasia involves increased _____ from _____

Answer 37

Progesterone from ovaries!!!***