Dissection 10

Question 1

What are the layers of the scalp?

Answer 1

Skin
Dense CT
Galea Aponeurotica
Loose CT
Pericranium

Question 2

The mobility of the scalp is caused by?

Answer 2

The first 3 layers moving over the loose CT

Question 3

Where are the blood vessels of the scalp found?

Answer 3

The dense subcutaneous layer

Question 4

What are somites?

Answer 4

masses of preaxial mesoderm that form skeletal muscle

Question 5

Where did the thyroid gland originate from?

Answer 5

From the floor of the developing tongue and descends inferiorly

Question 6

What does the pharyngeal cleft become?

Answer 6

The external auditory meatus

Question 7

What structure forms from the 1st pharyngeal pouch?

Answer 7

The Tympanic or middle ear and the auditory tube

Question 8

What structure/s are formed from the 2nd pharyngeal pouch?

Answer 8

The fossa for the palatine tonsil

Question 9

What structure/s are formed from the 3rd pharyngeal pouch?

Answer 9

Inferior parathyroid gland and the thymus

Question 10

What structure/s are formed from the 4th pharyngeal pouch?

Answer 10

Superior parathyroid gland

Question 11

What structure/s are formed from the 5th pharyngeal pouch?

Answer 11

The ultimobranchial body (calcitonin cells of the thyroid)

Question 12

Cranial Nerve III is derived from?

Answer 12

Preotic somites

Question 13

CN IV is derived from?

Answer 13

Preotic somites

Question 14

CN V is derived from?

Answer 14

Branchial Arch 1

Question 15

CN VI is derived from?

Answer 15

Preotic Somites

Question 16

CN VII is derived from?

Answer 16

Branchial Arch 2

Question 17

CN IX is derived from?

Answer 17

Branchial Arch 3

Question 18

CN X is derived from?

Answer 18

Branchial Arch 4 and 6

Question 19

CN XII is derived from?

Answer 19

Postotic somites

Question 20

Where are the cranial parasympathetics located?

Answer 20

The visceromotor column

Question 21

What presynaptic parasympathetics innervate the head?

Answer 21

CN III, VII, and IX

Question 22

The presynaptic fibers synapse in what ganglia in the head?

Answer 22

Otic, Ciliary, Pterygopalatine, and submandibular ganglia

Question 23

The postsynaptic parasympathetic fibers follow what to reach their targets?

Answer 23

CN V

Question 24

sympathetic preganglionic cell bodies for the head and neck are located where?

Answer 24

the lateral horn at the spinal cord levels T1-T5

Question 25

What are the two bellies of the epicranius muscle?

Answer 25

The frontalis and the occipitallis

Question 26

What muscle raises the eyebrows?

Answer 26

The frontalis

Question 27

What is the function of the orbicularis oculi

Answer 27

Important for protection and keeps the eyelids against the eyeball to facilitate the spread of tears; wink

Question 28

What are the functions of the orbicularis oris?

Answer 28

Eating, emotion, and phonation; purses lips

Question 29

What is the function of the buccinator?

Answer 29

compresses the checks during whistling, sucking, and chewing

Question 30

The branchiomotor branch of CN VII exits via what?

Answer 30

The stylomastoid foramen

Question 31

What are the branches of the branchiomotor portion CN VII?

Answer 31

Temporalis, Zygomatic, Buccal, Marginal Mandibular, and Cervical

Question 32

What does the Temporalis nerve innervate?

Answer 32

The frontalis

Question 33

What does the zygomatic nerve innervate?

Answer 33

The orbicularis occuli

Question 34

What does the buccal nerve innervate?

Answer 34

The buccinators and the orbicular oris

Question 35

What does the Marginal Mandibular nerve innervate?

Answer 35

The orbicularis oris

Question 36

What does the Cervical nerve innervate?

Answer 36

The platysma

Question 37

What does the stapedius nerve innervate?

Answer 37

middle ear

Question 38

What does the Posterior auricular nerve innervate?

Answer 38

The muscles behind the ear

Question 39

The parotid duct opens where?

Answer 39

in the mouth near the second upper molar

Question 40

What innervates the parotid gland?

Answer 40

The parasympathetic fibers of CN IX, sympathetic fibers from the superior cervical ganglion, and sensory fibers from CN V

Question 41

What does the deep cervical fascia contain?

Answer 41

The sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

Question 42

What does the prevertebral fascia contain?

Answer 42

The prevertebral muscles

Question 43

What does the pretracheal fascia contain?

Answer 43

Thyroid gland, trachea, and esophagus

Question 44

What does the Carotid Sheath contain?

Answer 44

the common carotid artery, the internal jugular vein, and the vagus nerve

Question 45

What makes up the borders of the retropharyngeal space?

Answer 45

The prevertebral, pretracheal, and carotid sheath

Question 46

What makes up the anterior cervical triangle?

Answer 46

The mandible, midline of the neck, and the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 47

What are the suprahyoid muscles?

Answer 47

Digastric, mylohyoid, stylohyoid and geniohyoid

Question 48

What passes through the anterior and middle scalene muscles?

Answer 48

The brachial plexus and the subclavian artery

Question 49

What crosses over the anterior scalene?

Answer 49

The phrenic nerve

Question 50

The superior limb of the ansa cervicalis travels with what?

Answer 50

The hypoglossal nerve

Question 51

What do the Jugulodigastric lymph nodes drain?

Answer 51

The tongue and palatine tonsil

Question 52

What vessels lie in the anterior cervical triangle?

Answer 52

The internal carotid and the jugular vein

Question 53

What vessels lie in the posterior cervical triangle?

Answer 53

Spinal accessory

Question 54

The ansa cervicalus has what kind of nerve fibers?

Answer 54

somatomotor

Question 55

What do the 4 parasympathetic ganglia in the head derive from?

Answer 55

Neural crest cells

Question 56

which branchial arch lacks endoderm?

Answer 56

1

Question 57

How do sympathetic postganglionic axons reach their targets in the head?

Answer 57

by following the external and internal carotid arteries