Dissection 2- Gluteal Region

Question 1

What does the gluteal region lie between?

Answer 1

The back and posterior thigh

Question 2

What is the gluteal region posterior to?

Answer 2

Pelvis

Question 3

What binds the gluteal region superiorly?

Answer 3

Iliac crests

Question 4

What binds the gluteal region inferiorly?

Answer 4

Gluteal fold/sulcus

Question 5

What is the name of the space between the buttocks?

Answer 5

Intergluteal cleft

Question 6

What marks the lateral extent of the gluteal region?

Answer 6

Greater trochanter of femur

Question 7

What two lines mark the quadrants of the gluteal region?

Answer 7

Greater trochanter to PSIS

Midpoint of iliac crest and down

Question 8

What muscles make up the superior gluteal region?

Answer 8

Gluteus maximus, minimus and medius

Question 9

What is the most superficial muscle in the superficial gluteal muscle group?

Answer 9

Gluteus maximus

Question 10

What is the largest muscle in the superficial gluteal muscle group?

Answer 10

Gluteus maximus

Question 11

What 4 structures does the gluteus maximus attach to proximally?

Answer 11

Iliac crest
Sacrum
Coccyx
Sacrotuberous ligament

Question 12

Where does the gluteus maximus attach distally?

Answer 12

Iliotibial tract

Question 13

Where do some stray fibres of the gluteus maximus attach distally if not to the normal location?

Answer 13

Gluteal tuberosity of the femur

Question 14

The gluteus maximus is the most powerful muscle at what movement?

Answer 14

Extension of the hip

Question 15

Which of the gluteal muscles helps to define the gluteal fold?

Answer 15

Gluteus maximus

Question 16

Where do the gluteus minimus and medius attach proximally?

Answer 16

External surface of the ilium

Question 17

Where does the gluteus minimus attach distally?

Answer 17

Anterior surface of the greater trochanter of femur

Question 18

Where does the gluteus medius attach distally?

Answer 18

Lateral surface of the greater trochanter of femur

Question 19

What two movements do the gluteus medius and minimus allow?

Answer 19

Abduct and internally rotate hip

Question 20

What is the nerve supply to the gluteus medius and minimus?

Answer 20

Superior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)

Question 21

Damage to what nerve results in a positive Trendelenberg Test?

Answer 21

Superior gluteal nerve

Question 22

The inferior gluteal NVB is associated with what muscle? Where does it lie in relation to this muscle?

Answer 22

Gluteus maximus- lies deep

Question 23

What nerve supplies the gluteus maximus?

Answer 23

Inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)

Question 24

The superior gluteal NVB is associated with which muscles? Which muscle does it lie deep to?

Answer 24

Gluteus minimus and medius

Lies deep to the gluteus medius

Question 25

What muscles make up the deep gluteal muscle group?

Answer 25

Obturator interim Inferior and superior Gemelli Pifiromis Quadratus femoris

Question 26

What are the two roles of the deep gluteal muscles?

Answer 26

External rotation of the hip | Stabilisation of the hip

Question 27

The deep gluteal muscles run in strips from medial to lateral. Where do most of them attach at the lateral end?

Answer 27

Greater trochanter of femur

Question 28

What are the nerve root values of the sciatic nerve?

Answer 28

L4-S3

Question 29

Where is the sciatic nerve formed?

Answer 29

Lumbo-sacral plexus

Question 30

Where in the gluteal region does the sciatic nerve pass?

Answer 30

The middle

Question 31

Which compartment of the thigh does the sciatic nerve enter?

Answer 31

Posterior

Question 32

The sciatic nerve branches through the popliteal fossa into which compartments of the leg?

Answer 32

Posterior and lateral

Question 33

What is the largest nerve in the body?

Answer 33

Sciatic nerve

Question 34

Slipped discs pressing on the sciatic nerve cause what?

Answer 34

Sciatica

Question 35

What are the nerve root values of the pudenal nerve?

Answer 35

S2-S4

Question 36

Where is the pudenal nerve formed?

Answer 36

Sacral plexus

Question 37

Where in the gluteal region does the pudenal nerve pass?

Answer 37

Middle

Question 38

What does the pudenal nerve supply?

Answer 38

Muscles, skin and fascia of much of the perineum

Question 39

When is a pudenal nerve block used?

Answer 39

For obstetric procedures

Question 40

What are the nerve root values of the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh?

Answer 40

S1-S3

Question 41

Where is the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh formed?

Answer 41

Sacral plexus

Question 42

Where in the gluteal region does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh pass?

Answer 42

Middle

Question 43

What does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh supply?

Answer 43

Skin over the posterior aspect of the thigh

Question 44

The posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh is a somatic nerve. What fibres does it contain?

Answer 44

Sensory and sympathetic

Question 45

Which gluteal quadrant must intra-gluteal injections go in to? What structure is this in order to avoid?

Answer 45

Superolateral quadrant | Sciatic nerve

Question 46

What structure should be identified in order to perform a lumbar puncture?

Answer 46

Iliac crests

Question 47

Where does the spinal cord end in adults?

Answer 47

L1/2

Question 48

What spinal level should a lumbar puncture be inserted?

Answer 48

L3/4

Question 49

What is the conus medullaris?

Answer 49

The terminal spinal cord

Question 50

What is the iliotibial tract?

Answer 50

A thickening of deep fascia of the thigh

Question 51

What is the deep fascia of the thigh known as?

Answer 51

Fascia lata

Question 52

Where does the iliotibial tract run to and from?

Answer 52

ASIS to the lateral aspect of the lateral tibial condyle

Question 53

What joint does the iliotibial tract support?

Answer 53

Knee

Question 54

What is the muscle part of the fascia lata known as?

Answer 54

Tensor fascia latae

Question 55

What part of the iliotibial tract would you find the tensor fascia latae in?

Answer 55

Proximal part