Diuretic Drugs

Question 1

Primary molecular target for spironolactone, eplerenone

Answer 1

Aldosterone receptors in the cortical collecting tubules

Question 2

Primary molecular target for amiloride, trimterene

Answer 2

Apical sodium channels in the cortical collecting

Question 3

Primary molecular target for acetazolamide

Answer 3

Carbonic anhydrase in the proximal convoluted tubules

Question 4

Primary molecular target for thiazides, thiazide-like diuretics

Answer 4

NaCl transporter in the distal convoluted tubule;

Question 5

Primary molecular target for loop diuretics; furosemide

Answer 5

Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter in the ascending Henle’s loop

Question 6

Primary molecular target for vaptans

Answer 6

Vasopressin-2 (V2) receptor

Question 7

Diuretic contraindicated in severe hepatic cirrhosis

Answer 7

acetazolamide

Question 8

diuretic for severe renal impairment developing acute pulmonary edema

Answer 8

Loops are preferred to reduce fluid load from edema; osmotic diuretics are contraindicated for patients with CHF or pulmonary edema because they expand extracellular fluid, thereby expanding work load on heart.

Question 9

Diuretics causing hypokalemic alkalosis

Answer 9

Loops and thiazides cause hypokalemic alkalosis

Question 10

Diuretics causing hyperkalemic acidosis

Answer 10

potassium-sparing diuretics cause hyperkalemic acidosis in overdose.