Diuretics Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Diuretics Deck (23)
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1
Q
Ca2+ = 0/+
HCO3 = +++
K+ = + 
Mg2+ = - 
Na+ = +
H+ = -
A

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors

2
Q

Treats: glaucoma, urinary alkalization, metabolic alkalosis, mountain sickness

A

CAI

3
Q

ADR: hyperchloremic acidosis, blood acidosis, renal stone, hypokalemia, decreases urine NH4+

A

CAI

4
Q

Contraindications: hepatic encephalopathy & sulfonamide allergy

A

CAI

5
Q
Ca2+ = ++
HCO3 = 0
K+ = ++
Mg2+ = ++ 
Na+ = ++
H+ = ++
A

Loop Diuretics

6
Q

CAI

A

Acetazolamide

Dorzolamide

7
Q

Loop Diuretics

A

Furosemide
bumetanide
torsemide
ethacrynic acid (no sulfonamide)

8
Q

Treats: hyperkalemia, hypercalcemia, acute renal failure, acute heart failure, HTN emergency

A

Loop diuretics

9
Q

Contraindications: sulfonamide allergy & acute gout

A

thiazides

10
Q

ADR: ototoxicity in combo w/ ahminoglycosides, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, hyperuricemia (uric acid reabsorbed in PCT - hypovolemia), hypomagnesemia, sulfonamide allergy

A

loop diuretics

11
Q
Ca2+ = -
HCO3 = 0/+
K+ = ++
Mg2+ = ++ 
Na+ = ++
H+ = ++
A

Thiazides

12
Q

Thiazides

A
Hydrochlorothiazide
chlorthalidone
indapamide
metolazone
quinethazone
trichlomethiazide
polythiazide
13
Q

Treats: HTN (short term - decrease blood volume; long term - decrease vessel tension); kidney stone, CHF & nephrogenic DI

A

thiazides

14
Q

ADR: hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyponatremia, sulfonamide allergy
Contraindications: sulfonamide allergy & acute gout

A

Thiazides

15
Q
Ca2+ = -
HCO3 = 0
K+ = -
Mg2+ = - 
Na+ = +
H+ = -
A

K sparing diuretics

16
Q

bind & block aldosterone receptors; reduce expression of genes controlling synthesis of apical ENAC & Na/K ATpase

A

Spironolactone

Eplerenone

17
Q

inhibit ENAC directly

A

amiloride

triamterene

18
Q

treats: hypokalemia caused by loop diuretics & thiazides; aldosteronism: conn’s syndrome, cirrhosis & HF

A

K sparing

19
Q

decrease chronic heart failure mortality

A

spironolactone

eplerenone

20
Q

ADR: hyperkalemia especially when used w/ ACEI, hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis

A

K sparing

21
Q

cause gynecomastia, loss of libido, & impotence in men

A

Spironolactone

22
Q

can treat lithium induced nephrogenic DI by blocking lithium re uptake in lumen of collecting duct

A

amiloride

23
Q

treats renal stones (nephrolithiasis) by decreasing urinary excretion of calcium

A

thiazides