RAAS

Question 1

increases collagen synthesis (heart & blood vessels) & endothelial dysfunction & decreased arterial compliance
constricts efferent artery & decreases GRF

Answer 1

Angiotensin 2

Question 2

renin inhibitor

Answer 2

aliskiren

Question 3

reduces levels of angiotensin 2 & aldosterone
causes vasodilation
prevents bradykinin degradation

Answer 3

ACE-I: “pril” = Lisinopril & Captopril

Question 4

SE: dry cough, angioedema, hyperkalemia, hypotension

Contraindicated in pregnancy & bilateral renal artery stenosis

Answer 4

ACE-I

Question 5

competitively block AT1 receptors
reduced levels of aldosterone
devoid of cough

Answer 5

ARBs: “sartans” = Losartan

Question 6

SE: hyperkalemia, hypotension
Contraindications: bilateral renal artery stenosis & pregnancy

Answer 6

ARBs

Question 7

Tx: 1st choice diabetic nephropathy w/ or w/out HTN by delaying deterioration of kidney function

Answer 7

ACE-I

Question 8

Tx: HTN, CHF, prevents angina, Post MI + HF - increase long term survival

Answer 8

ACE-I

Question 9

Glucose not reabsorbed in PCT completely - + RAAS = BP increased
intrgalomerular HTN - protein leaked - glomerular sclerosis - kidney dysfunction

Answer 9

Diabetic nephropathy