DNA

Question 1

What are the repeating units of DNA

Answer 1

dNMP

Question 2

What type of linkage connects each nucleotide within a chain.

Answer 2

phosphodiester linkage

Question 3

What type of bond connects the bases of the two antiparallel chains?

Answer 3

hydrogen bonds

Question 4

T/F In a living cell, 99% of the DNA is found in the B-DNA conformation.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Remember this about B-DNA
- a right-handed helix.
- base pairs per turn of the helix.
- base pairs lying flat and perpendicular to the axis.
- a propeller twist
- base pairs exposed in the major and minor grooves.

Question 6

What is the conformation of dehydrated DNA?

Answer 6

A-DNA

Question 7

Which type of DNA makes about 1% of cellular DNA, is found in regions of high C-G concentration and has a left-handed helix.

Answer 7

Z-DNA

Question 8

Separating two DNA strands is referred to as

Answer 8

denature

Question 9

Complementary single strands of DNA anneal to each other by base pairing.

Answer 9

anneal

Question 10

A unit of heredity is referred to as

Answer 10

gene

Question 11

The complete set of genetic material present in a cell or organism

Answer 11

genome

Question 12

contains a DNA molecule that encodes genes

Answer 12

chromosomes

Question 13

T/F DNA polymerase adds one dNMP to the 5’ end of a growing DNA chain.

Answer 13

False. 3’

Question 14

T/F DNA polymerases require a DNA template chain and but not a primer.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

T/F RNA polymerases require a DNA template chain but not a primer.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

T/F DNA polymerase adds one NMP to the 3’ end of the growing chain.

Answer 16

False. dNMP

Question 17

T/F RNA polymerase adds one NMP to the 3’ end of the growing chain

Answer 17

True

Question 18

T/F Reverse transcriptases require an DNA template chain and a primer.

Answer 18

False. RNA template

Question 19

T/F Nucleases synthesize polynucleotide chains whereas polymerases digest polynucleotide chains.

Answer 19

False. The reverse

Question 20

___________ breaks a phosphodiester bond within a polynucleotide chain.

Answer 20

Endonuclease

Question 21

____________ breaks two phosphodiester bonds within a single polynucleotide chain.

Answer 21

Excinuclease

Question 22

_____________ removes nucleotides from one end of a polynucleotide chain.

Answer 22

Exonuclease

Question 23

links two existing DNA chains together end-to-end by catalyzing formation of phosphodiester bond.

Answer 23

DNA ligase

Question 24

T/F An exonuclease is can be either a DNase or an RNase.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

T/F Exonucleases are specific for digesting a polynucleotide from the 5’ to 3’ end.

Answer 25

False. It can be from either end

Question 26

T/F Endonuclease are molecule-specific but exonucleases are not.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

Which type of hypothesis yields an original intact DNA molecule and one entirely newly synthesized DNA

Answer 27

conservative replication

Question 28

Which hypothesis yields two DNA molecules, each with one parental and one newly synthesized strand.

Answer 28

semi-conservative replication

Question 29

Which hypothesis yields two DNA molecules that are hybrids (or mixtures) of parental and newly synthesized DNA.

Answer 29

dispersive replication

Question 30

The catalytic site for DNA synthesis is located in the “_________” of the enzyme.

Answer 30

palm

Question 31

T/F G-U base pairing is allowed when DNA base pairs with itself or another RNA molecule.

Answer 31

False. It's RNA