DNA

Question 0

What DNA base codes for for Cytosine

Answer 0

Guanine

Question 1

What DNA base codes for Adenine?

Answer 1

Thymine

Question 2

What forms the nucleotide backbone

Answer 2

A Phosphate from one nucleotide attaches to a sugar of another nucleotide

Question 3

DNA is made up of two…

Answer 3

Chains of nucleotides held together by nitrogenous bases

Question 4

Before a cell can divide it must….

Answer 4

Replicate it’s chromosomes

Question 5

Translate this to it’s DNA compliment

GGACTGTCCAGT

Answer 5

CCTGACAGGTCA

Question 6

Translate this to it’s mRNA compliment

GGACTGTCCAGT

Answer 6

CCUGACAGGUCA

Question 7

What is the first step in replication

Answer 7

An enzyme breaks the binds between bases

Question 8

What is the second step in replication

Answer 8

DNA is unzipped

Question 9

What is the third step of replication

Answer 9

Nucleotides attach to free flowing bases

Question 10

What is the final step in replication

Answer 10

Molecules are made identical to the original molecules

Question 11

How is RNA different from DNA

Answer 11

1. RNA is single stranded
2. Has a ribose sugar
3. Uracil base(replaces thymine)
4. Outside the nucleus
5. Carries genetic info(instead of copying)
6. There are three types( as opposed to one)

Question 12

RNA assembles proteins by….

Answer 12

Putting amino acids together

Question 13

Transcription is

Answer 13

The formation of a single stranded RNA

Question 14

Replication is…

Answer 14

The formation of a double stranded DNA

Question 15

mRNA uses the alphabet of…

Answer 15

Nitrogenous bases

Question 16

Proteins use the alphabet of….

Answer 16

Amino acids

Question 17

There are___amino acids but only___nitrogenous bases.

Answer 17

20 4

Question 18

A codon is…

Answer 18

A group of three nitrogenous bases in mRNA that codes for one amino acid

Question 19

There are how many mRNA codons in the genetic code?

Answer 19

64

Question 20

What is the start codon

Answer 20

AUG Methionine

Question 21

What is translation

Answer 21

Converting nitrogenous bases in mRNA to amino acid in protein. Takes place in the hibosome of the cytoplasm.

Question 22

Where is mRNA made and where does it travel

Answer 22

It’s is made in the nucleus and travels to the cytoplasm

Question 23

tRNA does what?

Answer 23

Transfers amino acids to the ribosome

Question 24

tRNA attaches to

Answer 24

One amino acid

Question 25

What do anticodons do?

Answer 25

Determines the order of amino acids and the number of codons

Question 26

What is the first part of translation

Answer 26

mRNA tRNA and rRNA come together.

Question 27

What happens in elongation

Answer 27

Amino acids are added to form a chain

Question 28

Termination is reached when...

Answer 28

A stop codon is reached and he amino acid breaks off

Question 29

DNA does what to become RNA which does what to become protein

Answer 29

Transcription | Translation

Question 30

What is a mutation

Answer 30

Any change in a DNA sequence

Question 31

Mutations are caused by errors in what five things

Answer 31

Replication, transcription, cell division, external agents, and by spontaneous mutation

Question 32

Are body cell mutations passed down?

Answer 32

No

Question 33

Point mutation is

Answer 33

A change in a single base pair in DNA THE DOG BIT THE CAT THE DOG BIT THE CAR

Question 34

Frameshift mutation happens when....

Answer 34

A single base is added to or taken from the DNA THE DOG GBI TTH ECA THE DOB ITT HEC AT

Question 35

What is a chromosomal mutation

Answer 35

A structural change chromosomes

Question 36

What is this original chromosome after deletion, duplication, inversion, and translocation ABC*DEF GH*IJKL

Answer 36

Deletion: AC*DEF duplication: ABBC*DEF Inversion:AED*CBF Translocation ABC*IJKL GH*DEF

Question 37

What are the causes mutations?

Answer 37

Spontaneous and mutagen

Question 38

What is a mutagen

Answer 38

Any agent that can cause a change in DNA Radiation Chemicals High temperature

Question 39

What is a polyploid

Answer 39

An extra set of chromosomes

Question 40

What is an intron?

Answer 40

DNA sequence not involved in protein coding

Question 41

What is an exon?

Answer 41

The expressed sequence of DNA that codes for protein

Question 42

What is an operon?

Answer 42

A group of genes that operate together

Question 43

Lac genes when off mean what? And on?

Answer 43

Repressors and lactose

Question 44

What are hox genes

Answer 44

Genes that control differentiation of cells and tissues

Question 45

What does the TATA box do?

Answer 45

It positions RNA polymerase by placing a point before the start codon