DNA AND RNA

Question 1

What is DNA?

Answer 1

• Deoxyribose nucleic acid
  -double stranded polymer
• contains the genetic code used by the cell to make proteins

Question 2

What is RNA?

Answer 2

• Ribonucleic acid
  -single stranded polymer of nucleotide
• used to make proteins

Question 3

What are the 3 types different types of RNA?

Answer 3

• messenger
• transfer
• Ribosomal

Question 4

what is the structure of RNA nucleotide?

Answer 4

• Phosphate group
• nitrogenous bases (A,C,G,U)
• Ribose sugar

Question 5

what is the structure of DNA nucleotide?

Answer 5

• Phosphate group
• nitrogenous bases (A,C,G,T)
• deoxyribose sugar

Question 6

What are polynucleotides?

Answer 6

Nucleotides joined by condensation reactions to form polymers

Question 7

What is a phosphodiester bond?

Answer 7

Bonds that form between the phosphate groups of one nucleotides and the sugar of another.

Question 8

What is the 3’ and the 5’?

Answer 8

It is the number of carbon atoms in the sugar molecules

Question 9

What is DNA composed of?

Answer 9

It is composed on 2 polynucleotide strands, joined together and twisted to form a double helix structure

Question 10

What bonds are the DNA strands joined by?

Answer 10

Hydrogen binds between the specific pairs of bases

Question 11

What are some differences between RNA and DNA

Answer 11

DNA
- double stranded
- thymine
- deoxyribose
- double helix of 2 antiparallel polynucleotide chains
- one type of DNA with numerous variations
- used as a long term storage of genetic information
- long lived stable molecule

RNA
- single stranded
- uracil
- ribose
- one polynucleotide chain twists into a helix
three types of RNA (mRNA, tRNA, rRNA)
- role - protein syntheis
- short- lived and not stable