DNA as the Genetic Code

Question 1

What is a gene?

Answer 1

A length of DNA that codes for the synthesis of a particular polypeptide

Question 2

What are the 4 nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

Answer 2

Adenine
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine

Question 3

What is a triplet code?

Answer 3

3 nucleotide bases code for an amino acid
4 bases arranged in 3 groups

Question 4

What is the degenerate code?

Answer 4

20 amino acids & 60 possible sequences

Question 5

What do most amino acids have?

Answer 5

More than one triple code

Question 6

What is meant by non-overlapping code?

Answer 6

Triplet codes are read separately and each base is read only once

Question 7

What are the nitrogenous bases found in RNA?

Answer 7

Adenine
Cytosine
Uracil
Guanine

Question 8

What are the 2 main stages in protein synthesis?

Answer 8

Transcription
Translation

Question 9

What is transcription?

Answer 9

DNA - mRNA

Question 10

What is translation?

Answer 10

mRNA - protein

Question 11

Where is DNA confined to?

Answer 11

To nucleus

Question 12

Where are proteins synthesised?

Answer 12

At the ribosomes

Question 13

information on DNA to be copied onto mRNA - why is this?

Answer 13

mRNA can exit the nucleus via nuclear pores