DNA, Genes & chromosomes

Question 1

features of genetic code

Answer 1

-non overlapping
-degenerate
-universal

Question 2

independant assortment

Answer 2

it is random which side of the cell the maternal and paternal chromosomes of homologous pairs line up during stage 1 of meiosis. leading to different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes in gametes.

Question 3

How do ringing experiments give evidence for the mass flow hypothesis?

Answer 3

-Ring of bark taken from tree trunk, removes phloem in that section.
-Area directly above the ring removed swells as mass flow down the trunk from source to sink cannot occur so sugars build up.

Question 4

what is non disjunction

Answer 4

when the chromosomes or chromatids do not split equally during anaphase

Question 5

effects of non disjunction

Answer 5

-changes in whole sets of chromosomes (polyploidy)
-changes in the number of individual chromosomes (aneuploidy)