DNA Repair, Recombination, and Transposition

Question 1

True/ false: DNA a e and delta have exonuclease domains for proof reading

Answer 1

true

Question 2

which DNA pol has the best proof reading capabilities

Answer 2

DNA pol delta

Question 3

Components of base excision repair are….

Answer 3

Glycosylases
Ap endonuclease
DNA pol beta and lamda

Question 4

Nucleotide excision repair components…

Answer 4

Excision nuclease
TF 2 helicase
Pol e and pol Delta or kappa
Ligase

Question 5

Translesion categories

Answer 5

"Inserters"= pick base to add
"extenders"= continue synthesis

Question 6

does translation repair cut out the mutated DNA

Answer 6

no

Question 7

when does homologous repair occur?

Answer 7

only in G1 and S phase

Question 8

Non- homologous end joining components

Answer 8

KU. 70/80 kinases
Artemis nuclease- cuts ss DNA
TDT, pol u, lamda
DNA ligase 4

Question 9

What protein is responsible for creating the D loop in crossing over?

Answer 9

Rad 51

Question 10

Crossing over involves sister chromatids or homologous chromosomes?

Answer 10

Homologous chromosomes

Question 11

Spo 11 creates a double stranded break, where does this occur?

Answer 11

Near methylated CpG islands

Question 12

Name the components associated with crossing over

Answer 12

Spo 11
MRN nuclease
MRE 11
Nibrin
Rad 50
Wdcp

Question 13

Aneuploidy

Answer 13

Abnormal # of chromosomes

Question 14

Stalled replication fork components

Answer 14

BIR
RPA
MIDAS

Question 15

What proteins start a replication fork after it was stalled?

Answer 15

Brca 1 and 2

Question 16

Which protein loads rad 51 after replication fork stall?

Answer 16

Brca 2

Question 17

Class I transposons require two enzymes

Answer 17

Reverse transcriptase and integrase

Question 18

Between retroviral and non retroviral transposons, which has non terminal repeats?

Answer 18

non retroviral

Question 19

True or false: retroviral transposons have residue poly a tails

Answer 19

false

Question 20

give an example of retroviral and non retroviral transposons respectively

Answer 20

HERVS

SINs and LINEs

Question 21

What is translesion synthesis

Answer 21

last ditch effort to repair damage but pretty much just a band-aid= does not permanently fix the damage just moves pass the issue

Question 22

Translesion synthesis inserters

Answer 22

REV 1 (guess what will be across)
Pol n
Pol l

Question 23

Translesion synthesis extenders

Answer 23

pol z

pol n

Question 24

what is dsDNA mean

Answer 24

at break points in DNA if they are still together they are known as non homologous end joining (NHEJ)

• non-discriminate
• cut and paste event (very scary)

Question 25

what is ssDNA

Answer 25

at break points if they are only one they are known as homologous recombination (HR) -everything has to be perfectly in line in order to connect

Question 26

Nonhomologous end joining is what...

Answer 26

the primary mechanism of double stranded break correction in humans

Question 27

Ku proteins

Answer 27

protects DNA double stranded ends and make sure they stay where they are supposed to be instead of getting chewed up again

Question 28

Artemis

Answer 28

what makes sure that DNA is double stranded at the end. If anything is single stranded at the end it gets clipped off

Question 29

what does TdT, pol u, and pol lambda do?

Answer 29

They bridge the gap. when you have a cut on your finger they help with sticking the two pieces back together

Question 30

what does DNA ligase IV do

Answer 30

adds the final phosphodiester bonds

Question 31

what are the reasons to using homologous recombination?

Answer 31

a more seamless way to resolve DSBs than NHEJ crossing over in meiosis increases offspring diversity helps link sister chromatids together ^^ rescues stalled replication fork