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BMS I > DNA Replair > Flashcards

DNA Replair Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

Replication Error

A

MMR

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2
Q

Single base dmg

A

BER

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3
Q

Bulky DNA adduct during trx

A

trx coupled NER repair

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4
Q

Bulky DNA adduct not during trx

A

GGNER

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5
Q

SSB

A

SSB repair

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6
Q

DSB

A

nonhomo end joining

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7
Q

DSB

A

homo recomb

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8
Q

MMR Proteins

A

endo/exonuc, helicase, polymerase, ligase

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9
Q

BER Proteins

A

glycosylase, endonuc, deoxyribse P lyase, polymerase, ligase

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10
Q

NER Proteins

A

Helicase, excinuclease, polymerase, ligase

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11
Q

SSB Proteins

A

Hydro/transferase, polymrase, ligase

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12
Q

NHEJ Proteins

A

broken DNA sensor nucelases, polyermase, ligase

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13
Q

Hom Recomb protiens

A

recombinases and endonuceleases

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14
Q

Proteins that recognize mismatch

A

MutS/L (proks), MSH2/6 (mismatch), MSH2/3 (small insertions/deletions)

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15
Q

Strand specificity

A

Proks-DNA methylation

Euks-nicks between Okazaki Frags

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16
Q

MMR steps

A

Strand recognition, endonuc cleaves on sides of mismatch, helicase/exonuclease remove new DNA, DNA pol III fills+ligase

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17
Q

HNPCC

A

Lynch syndrome, defects in MSH2 or MLH1 (can’t recognize mismatch)

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18
Q

BER pathway

A

glycosylase cleaves glycosidic bond between sugar and phosphate, AP endonuc cleaves backbone, lyase removes backbone, DNA Pol I beta fills gap+ligase

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19
Q

AP endonuclease

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A

BER-cleaves sugar backbone

20
Q

Lyase

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A

BER-removes backbone

21
Q

WRN helicase

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A

involved in base excision repair, defects cause werners syndrome

22
Q

werners syndrome

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A

deffect in wrn helicase, premature aging and disposition for cancer

23
Q

TT dimers cause…

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A

significant DNA distortion=use NER

24
Q

causes to use repair

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A 
MMR-mistake
BR-spontaous de-amination among others
NER-carcinogens/sunlight
SS breaks-oxidative damage
DSB-ionizing radiotion, oxidizing agents, mechanical stress, toposimoerase inhibs
25
Glycosylase
recognize damaged bases in BR pathway
26
GGner proteins
xpe, xpc, common pathway, UvrA in proks
27
TCner proteins
c/a and csb and rna pol III and common pathway
28
common pathway proteins
xpa-rpa, TFIID (XPB/XPD helicases), XPG 3' nuclease, PCNA-pol delta, XPF 5' nuclesase
29
GGner pathway
Recognize distortion by xpe, xlc, uvra Protein assembly of repair complex XPA Excinuclease activity at 3' and 5' (XPF/XPG-UvrC in proks) Helciase unwinds (XPB/XPD domains of TFIID binding complex)-UvrB in proks DNA pol I fills gap DNA ligase seals DNA
30
XP disease
Mutations in XPC, XPE, XPD, XPA-cancer and extremely sensitive skin-sometimes neuronal degeneration
31
TC ner pathway
Distortion blocks RNA pol II progression, csA or csB ubi the polymerase, RNA pol displacement, Recruitment of common pathway proteins, helices unwind replication fork more, excinuclease makes 5' and 3' incisions, damaged oligonuc out, DNA pol I fills gap, ligase
32
PCNA
processivty protein-ONLY IN PROKS
33
CS
mutation in CSA or B, mental retardation, sun sensitive, no risk for cancer b/c cell will apoptose vs accumulate problems like in XP
34
SSB repair pathway
assocoiated with loss of 1 nucleotide Parp 1-recognizes SSB XRCC recruited-scaffold for other proteins APTX (and other proteins) processes 3' and 5' ends Restoration of proper 3' and 5' ends DNA pol beta adds nun ligation
35
Parp1
recognies SSB
36
XRCC/APTX
Scaffold | 3' and 5' processivity
37
AOA1
Ataxia Oculmotor Apraxia Defect in APTX limited eye movement, cognitive impairment, involuntary movements, NO NON NEUROLOGICAL FEATURES
38
Apraxia
limited movement by command
39
NHEJ pathway
no homology requirement/any stage of cell cycle mutagenic (very mutagenic over time) ``` Ku70/80 detects dna broken and binds DNA PKcs-artemis facilites aligment WRN helicase opens FEN1/Artemis removes overhangs if needed Polymerase by pol mu and lambda ligase ```
40
Ku proteins/DNA PKcs-artemis
Detects dsb | faciliates alignment and removes overhangs if needed
41
When can do homo recomb
S and G2 and must be extremely homoloogous, also not mutagenic
42
homo recomb process
RAD52 binds to ends to help align, Rad51 looks for homologoies, Human BRCA1/2 regulate Rad51, nuclease and helicase makes nick, RAD51 promotes ATP dependent strand invasion, undamaged chromosome is template
43
FEN1
removes nucleotides (nuclease)
44
RAD51/52
Align Homo recomb/looks for homologous and promotes ATP dependent strand invasion
45
BRCA1/2
regulate Rad51 (looking for homologies/ATP dependent strand invasion)
46
AT
Ataxia Telangiasticia ATM protein doesn't work Cell won't slow down cell cycle to do homo recomb and signals homo recommit proteins to go there lymphoid cancer and skin sensitivity
47
ATM protein
slows cell down so can do homo recomb+signals homo recomb proteins to go there

BMS I (30 decks)

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