DNA & RNA Flashcards
(10 cards)
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Name the four DNA bases.
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
Describe the DNA structure.
DNA is a double helix composed of two strands that coil around each other.
What is the function of DNA?
DNA stores and transmits genetic information.
Define ‘transcription.’
Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.
What is RNA’s function?
RNA plays a crucial role in protein synthesis and gene expression.
Name three types of RNA.
Messenger RNA (mRNA), Transfer RNA (tRNA), Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Describe the structure of RNA.
RNA is typically single-stranded and consists of a ribose sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous bases.
What is the genetic code?
The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material is translated into proteins.
Define ‘translation.’
Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information from mRNA.
