DNA, RNA, Proteins + Genetic Engineering

Question 1

What is the basic structure of DNA?

Answer 1

Double stranded helix

Question 2

What does DNA carry?

Answer 2

the genetic information for making proteins

Question 3

What are proteins made from?

Answer 3

Amino acids

Question 4

What do the 4 DNA base pairs make up?

Answer 4

the genetic code

Question 5

What are the 4 DNA bases?

Answer 5

Adenosine, cytosine, guanine, thymine

Question 6

What bases pair together?

Answer 6

A-T C-G

Question 7

What does the base sequence determine?

Answer 7

the4 order of amino acids in a protein

Question 8

What does the MRNA do?

Answer 8

copies the DNA code for making the protein inside the nucleus

Question 9

What does the MRNA carry?

Answer 9

the complementary copy of the code from the DNA in the nucleus to a ribosome

Question 10

What does the order of amino acids determine?

Answer 10

the shape an function of the protein produced

Question 11

What is 3 of proteins functions?

Answer 11

antibodies, enzymes, receptors

Question 12

What is the first stage of genetic engineering?

Answer 12

The section of DNA that contains the required gene is identified from the source chromosome

Question 13

Second stage?

Answer 13

The required gene is extracted from the chromosome

Question 14

Third stage?

Answer 14

Enzymes are used to cut the required gene out of the source chromosome

Question 15

Fourth stage?

Answer 15

A plasmid is extracted from a bacterial cell

Question 16

Fifth stage?

Answer 16

The required gene is inserted into the bacterial plasmid using a different enzyme

Question 17

Sixth stage?

Answer 17

The plasmid is inserted into a host bacterial cell to produce a genetically modified organism

Question 18

What is one other protein molecule and it importance?

Answer 18

Catalase breaks down hydrogen peroxide