DNA Viruses Flashcards

Question

What are the characteristics of gastroenteritis and diarrhea ?

Answer 1

Major cause of acute viral gastroenteritis in infants | Enteric adenoviruses rarely cause fever or respiratory tract symptoms

Answer 2

Virus in throat of a patient with pharyngitis Test should eliminate streptococcus pyogènes Nuclear inclusions bodies produced by infection DNA analyses Immunological probes

Answer 3

Produce lytic, persistent, recurrent and immortalizing infections Share DNA, protein homologue, tissue tropism and disease signs Infections cause direct CPE Spread cell to cell and syncytium to avoid antibodies Stress or immune suppression leads to reactivation

Answer 4

Transmitted via saliva, vaginal secretions or by lesion fluid HSV-1 transmitted orally, HSV-2 sexually but not exclusively Initial disease at the site of infection and then latency Latency in the innervation neurons Trigeminal ganglia for HSV-1 Sacral ganglia for HSV-2 Lesions occur at the same location Vesicular lesions contain infectious virions

Answer 5

Can be caused by HSV-1 or 2 begin as clear vesicles that rapidly ulcerate Distribute around or throughout the mouth Recurrence of mucocutaneous lesions Also called cold sores, fever blisters

Answer 6

Mostly limited to one eye Can cause recurrent disease May lead to permanent scarring, corneal damage, blindness

Answer 7

Herpetic whitlow-infection of the finger mostly in nurses and physicians Herpes gladiatorum- infection of the body common among rugby players and wrestlers

Answer 8

Can be caused by HSV-1 or HSV-2 Anal sex can lead to HSV proctitis Painful lesions may be accompanied by fever , malaise, myalgia

Answer 9

Usually caused by HSV-1 but can be caused by HSV-2 Lesions limited to one of the temporal lobes Infections causes destruction of temporal lobe RBCs in CSF Patients may have seizures and focal neurologic abnormalities

Answer 10

A severe (may be fatal) disease caused mostly by HSV-2 Acquired in utero or during passage of birth canal Babies appear septic with or without vesicular lesions No CMI-dissemination to liver, lung and the CNS Results in death or neurologic disability even with treatment

Answer 11

Confirmation by immuno or DNA based methods Serology useful for primary infection Recurrent infections do not show increase in titers Encephalitis: normal glucose, mildly increase of protein and absence of pathogens in CSF

Answer 12

Virus that causes lifelong infection Acquired from respiratory droplets or skin contact Produce vesiculopustular rash with crops of lesions Pneumonia in adults or among I/C individual Contagious from 1st day of symptom till last blister crushed Infection leads to latency especially trigeminal ganglia Reactivation with lesion shows dermatomal pattern (shingles)

Answer 13

Mild childhood but mostly symptomatic disease 1/5 of childhood exanthems (rubella, roseala, fifth disease,measles) Fever and maculopaular lesions after 14 days Within 12 hours vesicles are pustular and begin to crust Crops of lesions in different stages Rashes prevalent on trunk and head and also scalp Risk of bacterial superinfection with lesion itch Primary lesions more severe in adults ythan children

Answer 14

Recurrence of latent varicella acquired earlier in life Severe pain in the area innervating the nerve before lesions Chickenpox like lesions limited to a dermatome

Answer 15

Lack of CMI causes serious and potentially fatal disease VZV dissemination to the lungs, brain, and liver May occur during primary exposure or because of recurrence

Answer 16

Presence of typical rash Serology and genome detection Positive Tzanck, Cowdry type A intranuclear inclusions

Answer 17

Spread via close oral (kissing disease) or personal contact Milder symptoms in children Teenagers/adults at risk for infectious mononucleosis (IM) Limited tissue tropism, receptor (CR2 or CD 21) on B cells Heterophile positive IM

Answer 18

Replication in B cells or permissive epithelial cells Latent infection of memory B cells in the presence of CMI Can stimulate and immortalize B cells

Answer 19

Diseases from an overactive immune response Lack of immune response causes lymphoproliferative disease and hairy cell leukoplakia EBV infects B cells and causes their outgrowth Activation of T cell responses to control B cells outgrowth Classic lymphocytosis Swelling in lymphoid organs Malaise/fatigue from activation and proliferation of T cells

Answer 20

Triad of classic symptoms Lymphadenopathy,splenomegaly and exudative pharyngitis High fever and malaise Rarely fatal in healthy people Fatigue due to amount energy spent in T cells activation Complications are meningoencephalitis and Guillain-Barre syndrome

Answer 21

May be life threatening in T cell deficient individuals Polyclonal leukemia Associated with African Burkitt lymphoma Burkitts lymphoma Also with Hodgkin lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Answer 22

Unusual manifestation | Lesions on tongue and mouth that occurs in AIDS patients

Answer 23

Lymphocytosis (70% monocytes) Atypical lymphocytes Serology to viral antgens Positive heterophile test

Answer 24

Spread via blood, organ transplants, saliva, breast milk, sexual routes (semen, cervical secretions) Most prevalent viral risk for congenital defects Majority of infections are asymptomatic

Answer 25

Usually no symptom in healthy full term infants Premature infants may need blood transfusion Can have pneumonia and jaundice if CMV conataminated

Answer 26

70-85% infected in the US by age 40 Prevalent in low socioeconomic and in crowded conditions Probably an STI 90-100% patients at STD clinics are infected

Answer 27

In adults with IM, negative heterophile antibody test Presence of owl’s eye cells Serology and DNA based methods Isolation of virus from infant urine during 1st week postpartum

Answer 28

Lymphotropic and ubiquituous 45% by age 2 and 100% serpositive by adulthood HSV-6 has 2 variants 6A and 6B HHV-6 replicates in salivary gland and transmitted in saliva HHV-6 primarily infects lymphocytes especially CD4 T cells HHV-6B or HHV-7 can cause exanthem subitum (roseola) Rapid onset of fever of few days followed by rash Rash only lasts 24-4 hours

Answer 29

Kaposi sarcoma associated virus Infects B cells and some endothelial cells Transmitted sexually via semen Polyclonal dark lesiomns in AIDS patients Diagnosed by clinical picture and viral DNA in peripheral lymphocytes

Answer 30

Brick or ovoid shaped virus surrounded by 2 membranes contagious human to human via droplets or skin contact After inhalation, replicates in upper respiratory tract Spread via lymphatic and viremia Infects internal and dermal tissues after a second more intense viremia Simultaneous eruption of hemorragic lesions 2 groups: variola major and minor only one serotype facilitated vaccine ddevelopment

Answer 31

Infection of reticulo and vascular endothelial and epithelial cells 5-17 days incubation period High fever,fatigue, severe headache, backache and malaise Vesicular rash in mouth and soon after on the body Major feature is the appearance of lesions at the same stage Diagnosis done by clinical picture but confirmed by culture Infected cells contain a cytoplasmic Guarnieri inclusion body

Answer 32

Causes a slow developing infection Spreads by direct contact or fomites More often in children Genital lesions are transmitted sexually in adults Can infect any part of skin mostly AIDS associated disease Self limiting infection of epithelial cells Nodular or wart like and a tiny dimple in the center Lesions usually not itchy or painful Discovered mostly during a physical exam Diagnosis: large,eosinophilic inclusions in epithelial cells

DNA Viruses Flashcards

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