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DNA VIRUSES (unfinished) Flashcards

(103 cards)

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1
Q

all DNA viruses are double stranded except…

A

Parvovirus

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2
Q

all DNA viruses are enveloped except

A

Papoviruses (Papillomavirus and Polyomavirus)
Parvovirus
Adenovirus

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3
Q

most sensitive test for diagnosis of DNA viruses

A

PCR

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4
Q

location of DNA virus replication and transcription

A

nucleus

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5
Q

location of DNA virus translation

A

cytoplasm

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6
Q

unit measurement of all viral genomes

A

KBP (kilobase pairs)

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7
Q

simplest DNA animal virus

A

Parvoviridae

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8
Q

has tropism for primary erythroid progenitor cells

A

Parvoviridae

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9
Q

autonomous replicating type of Parvovirus

A

Parvovirus B19

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10
Q

defective type of Parvovirus

A

Parvovirus AAV-2 (Adeno-associated virus)

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11
Q

cellular receptor for Parvovirus B19

A

blood group P antigen (globoside)

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12
Q

cellular coreceptor for Parvovirus B19

A

alpha-5-beta-1 integrin

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13
Q

this protein is required for Parvovirus replication

A

non-structural protein NS1

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14
Q

what is the fifth disease?

A

eythema infectiosum

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15
Q

erythema infectiosum is the most common manifestation of this virus

A

Parvovirus B19

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16
Q

has characteristic slapped-cheek rash appearance

A

erythema infectiosum

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17
Q

what is the most common manifestation of erythema infectiosum in adults?

A

joint involvement in hand and knees which mimics rheumatoid arthritis

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18
Q

chronic anemia caused by this virus causes transient aplastic aplastic crisis due to abrupt cessation of RBC synthesis in bone marrow due to absence of erythroid precursors

A

Parvovirus B19

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19
Q

this virus leads to pure red cell aplasia in immunocompromised individuals due to chronic suppression of bone marrow and chronic anemia

A

Parvovirus B19

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20
Q

what is the pathogenesis if Parvovirus B19 is acquired through intrauterine transmission?

A

hydrops fetalis
this leads to fatal death most commonly before the 20th week due to severe anemia

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21
Q

most sensitive assay for Parvovirus B19

A

PCR

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22
Q

how to detect B19 infection in immunodeficient patients? since no antibodies are present

A

detection of viral DNA

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23
Q

treatment for Parvovirus B19

A

via symptomatically

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24
Q

vaccine for fifth disease and transient aplastic crisis caused by parvovirus B19

A

no vaccine available

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25
this virus is an excellent model for molecular studies of eukaryotic cell processes
Adenovirus
26
this virus appears hexagonal but actually has icosahedral symmetry
Adenovirus
27
this virus appears hexagonal but actually has icosahedral symmetry
Adenovirus
28
this structure is unique to icosahedral viruses and is associated with hemagglutination and attachment to cells
fibers
29
composes the capsid of Adenoviruses
hexon
30
responsible for the toxin-like activity in Adenoviruses which causes rapid appearance of cytopathic effects and for attachment together with fibers
penton base
31
Adenovirus group that has the lowest G-C content and the most strongly oncogenic type among all other groups
group A Adenovirus
32
replicates in epithelial cells of RT, GIT, GUT, and eye only
Adenovirus
33
host cell receptor for adenoviruses
coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR)
34
this virus is capable of inducing the host cell to enter S phase
Adenovirus
35
studies of this virus led to the discovery that eukaryotic mRNAs are usually not collinear with their genes but are spliced products of coding regions in DNA
Adenovirus
36
cytopathic effect of Adenovirus
marked rounding enlargement aggregation of affected cells into grape-like clusters or smudge cells
37
cytopathic effect of this virus produces grape-like clusters or smudge cells
Adenovirus
38
viral particles in the nucleus exhibit crystalline arrangements
Adenovirus
39
viral particles in the nucleus exhibit crystals composed of protein without nucleic acid
group B Adenovirus
40
mode of transmission for Adenovirus
ingestion respiratory route direct contact exposure to infected tissue/blood
41
most common types of Adenovirus worldwide
Adenovirus 1-7
42
first isolated from adenoids
Adenovirus
43
major antigenic capsid proteins of Adenovirus
Hexons Peptons Fibers
44
common Adenovirus group/types associated with respiratory diseases most commonly manifested in infants and children
group C Adenovirus Adenovirus 1-7
45
causes acute respiratory distress syndrome among military recruits
Adenovirus 3, 4, and 7
46
causes swimming pool conjunctivitis
Adenovirus 3 and 7
47
causes epidemic keratoconjunctivitis
Adenovirus 8, 19, and 37
48
where do adenoviruses usually replicate in
intestinal epithelial cells
49
Adenovirus that causes infantile gastroenteritis among
Adenovirus 40 and 41
50
Adenovirus associated in children with liver, or heart transplant
Adenovirus hepatitis, or myocardial Adenovirus infection
51
causes acute hemorrhagic cystitis
Adenovirus 11 and 21
52
True or false. Adenoviruses are oncogenic to humans
False. Adenoviruses do not cause cancer in humans but are oncogenic in rodents
53
best for viral cultures but usually unavailable
Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK) cells
54
Immunofluorescence test for Adenoviruses uses ____________ on infected cells
antihexon antibodies
55
most sensitive serological test for Adenovirus
neutralization test
56
treatment and vaccination for Adenovirus
no available treatment vaccines are highly effective but are no longer available
57
largest and most complex virus
Poxvirus
58
brick-shaped or ellipsoid particles
Poxvirus
59
an enveloped virus that encloses its core and lateral bodies, and contains ridges on the external surface
Poxvirus
60
virus that has terminal hairpin loops that connects DNA strands at the end
Poxvirus
61
bacterium-like virus
Poxvirus
62
are morphologically distinctive: smaller particles and genomes and exhibit a crisscross pattern
Poxvirus
63
Poxviruses share a common nucleoprotein antigen in their inner core which contributes to the virus' ability to ________
cross-react
64
only DNA virus whose replication, transcription and translation all occurs in the cytoplasm
Poxvirus
65
distinguished from all other animal viruses because its uncoating step requires an uncoating protein
Poxvirus
66
exhibits non-genetic reactivation
Poxvirus
67
what is non-genetic reactivation?
reactivation of a heat-killed virus by another virus of the same genera
68
in Poxviruses, a polypeptide is responsible for the proliferative diseases caused by Yaba tumor and Molluscum contagiosum. this polypeptide is encoded by what virus and is closely related to what protein/s?
encoded by Vaccinia virus closely related to epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor-alpha
69
virus that causes smallpox
Variola virus
70
lethal strain of Variola
Variola major
71
the first eradicated viral disease
smallpox
72
portal of entry of Variola virus
mucous membrane of the URT
73
histopathologic examination of skin shows guarnieri bodies
smallpox
74
this disease causes epithelial cells of the Malpighian Layer (Stratum Basale) to become swollen through distention of cytoplasm and undergo “ballooning degeneration”.
smallpox
75
in severe cases this disease causes hemorrhagic rash
smallpox
76
this diseases progresses slowly from exanthems to pustules which fall off and leave pink scars
smallpox
77
lesions are most concentrated on the face, hands, and feet
smallpox
78
virus that causes chickenpox
Herpesvirus
79
lesions are most concentrated on the torso with fewest on the hands and feet
smallpox
80
best specimen for poxviruses
skin lesions Poxviruses will remain stable for weeks even w/o refrigeration
81
test capable of differentiating Orthopoxviruses from one another
PCR and restriction endonucleases
82
easiest way of differentiating Smallpox from Vaccinia
inoculation onto chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryo
83
demonstrates large pocks with necrotic centers on chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryo
Vaccinia
84
demonstrates deep red hemorrhagic lesions on chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryo
cowpox
85
treatment and vaccination for smallpox
treatment: - Methisazone (effective prophylaxis but not a useful treatment in established disease) - Cidofovir (has in vitro and in vivo activity against poxviruses) vaccination: - Vaccinia – contains the virus, 40% glycerol (stabilize virus) and 0.4% phenol (to kill bacteria)
86
characterized by "cropping" of rash with pronounced lymphadenopathy
monkeypox
87
natural reservoir of cowpox
rodents
88
accidental host of cowpox
cattle and humans
89
derivative of vaccinia virus that persisted in India and is clinically indistinguishable from cowpox
bufallopox
90
causes contagious pustular dermatitis or sore mouth or contagious ecthyma
Orf virus
91
an occupational disease of sheep and goat handlers
Orf virus infections
92
confirmatory for Orf virus infections
electron microscopy confirms only Parapoxvirus infections
93
Orf virus belongs the the genus...
Parapoxvirus
94
causes benign epidermal tumor
Molluscum contagiosum
95
the only poxvirus that does not cross-react with other poxviruses
molluscipoxvirus
96
characteristic henderson-patterson bodies
Molluscum contagiosum theses are also called molluscum bodies
97
cause pink, wart-like tumors on face, arms, back, and buttocks
Molluscum contagiosum
98
characterized by 1-2 lesions with severe headache and prostration
Tanapox
99
characterized by benign histiocytomas (not truly neoplastic as they are only temporary)
yaba monkey tumor
100
have the ability to establish lifelong persistent or latent infections in host and undergo period reactivation
Herpesviridae
101
has DNA in the form of a toroid
Herpesviridae
102
amorphous, asymmetric structure between the capsid and the envelope
tegument
103
this virus undergoes genome rearrangements giving rise to genome "isomers"
Herpesviridae

VIROLOGY (5 decks)

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