DNA vocab

Question 1

Gene

Answer 1

Piece of DNA

Question 2

Purine

Answer 2

2 ringed bases A, G

Question 3

Pyramidine , which two bases

Answer 3

1 ringed base C, T

Question 4

Triplet

Answer 4

3 bases in DNA

Question 5

Codon

Answer 5

3 bases in mRNA

Question 6

Anticodon

Answer 6

Set of 3 bases in tRNA

Question 7

Mutations

Answer 7

Change in DNA or RNA

Question 8

Frameshift (more severe)

Answer 8

Insertion, bases added
Deletion, bases removed
Changes all amino acids from that point

Question 9

Point (substitution)

Answer 9

1 base is switched with another,
Can change 1 amino acid (missense),
No change (silent)
Premature stop (nonsense)

Question 10

DNA

Answer 10

Codes for genes
Makes our traits
Blueprint of organism

Question 11

4 bases for DNA

Answer 11

C, T, G, A

Question 12

4 bases for RNA

Answer 12

C, G, U, A

Question 13

Replication

Answer 13

To make more DNA (mitosis, meiosis)

Replacing harmed or old cells

Question 14

How many strands in DNA?

Answer 14

2 strands

Question 15

How many strands in RNA?

Answer 15

1 strand

Question 16

Where is DNA located?

Answer 16

Nucleus

Question 17

Where is RNA located?

Answer 17

Nucleus —> Ribosome

Question 18

What is the DNA shape?

Answer 18

Double helix (2 stranded spiral)

Question 19

Who discovered the shape of DNA?

Answer 19

Watson + Crick + Rosalind Franklin

Question 20

What little things make up DNA?

Answer 20

Sugar, phosphate, bases, hydrogen bond

Question 21

Transcription

Answer 21

DNA copies itself and goes to RNA in ribosomes.

Question 22

Translation

Answer 22

mRNA travels to tRNA (tRNA always carries amino acids)

Question 23

What’s the point of Translation?

Answer 23

To put amino acids together to build proteins.

Question 24

What order do we add new bases?

Answer 24

5’,3’

Question 25

What did Griffith do and discover?

Answer 25

He discovered: something in living things can be changed | He did: did experiments on mice with heated bacteria and normal.

Question 26

Nucleotide

Answer 26

Building block of DNA